Evidence mapPaperPMID 39859964Full record

ArticleLife (Basel, Switzerland)2024

Global Burden of Esophageal Cancer and Its Risk Factors: A Systematic Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Irena Ilic, Ivana Zivanovic Macuzic, Ana Ravic-Nikolic, Milena Ilic, Vesna Milicic

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Article in Life (Basel, Switzerland), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

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  4. miR-452-3p Targets Adenomatous Polyposis Coli to Regulate the Malignant Phenotypes and Prognosis of Esophageal Cancer.The Turkish journal of gastroenterology : the official journal of Turkish Society of Gastroenterology · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Irena IlicFaculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.ORCID 0000-0001-5347-3264
Ivana Zivanovic MacuzicDepartment of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
Ana Ravic-NikolicDepartment of Dermatovenerology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
Milena IlicDepartment of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.ORCID 0000-0003-3229-4990
Vesna MilicicDepartment of Dermatovenerology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEsophageal cancer is a major public health issue, yet risk factors for its occurrence are still insufficiently known. This study aimed to estimate the global burden of esophageal cancer and its risk factors.

methodsThis ecological study presented the incidence, mortality, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) of esophageal cancer in the world. This study collected the Global Burden of Disease study data from 1990 to 2019. Trends in esophageal cancer burden were assessed using the joinpoint regression analysis and calculating the average annual percent change (AAPC).

resultsGlobally, in 2019, in both sexes and all ages, the ASR for the incidence of esophageal cancer was 6.5 per 100,000 and for mortality, 6.1 per 100,000. The global proportion of DALYs for esophageal cancer attributable to selected behavioral, metabolic, and dietary risk factors was similar in males and females: chewing tobacco (3.8% vs. 5.1%), diet low in fruits (10.1% vs. 12.6%), diet low in vegetables (3.3% vs. 4.6%), and high body mass index (18.8% vs. 19.3%). However, the proportion of DALYs for esophageal cancer attributable to smoking and alcohol use was 4-5 times higher in males than in females (50.1% vs. 11.3%, and 29.6% vs. 5.1%, respectively). From 1990 to 2019, a significant decrease in global trends in rates of DALYs for esophageal cancer attributable to smoking (AAPC = -1.6%), chewing tobacco (AAPC = -0.5%), alcohol use (AAPC = -1.0%), a diet low in fruits (AAPC = -3.1%), and a diet low in vegetables (AAPC = -3.6%) was observed, while a significant increase in trends was observed in DALYs rates for esophageal cancer attributable to a high body mass index (AAPC = +0.4%).

conclusionsMore epidemiological research is needed to elucidate the relationship between esophageal cancer and certain risk factors and guide prevention efforts.

Indexed as

burdenesophageal cancerrisk factorstrends

Identifiers

PMID39859964
PMCPMC11767048

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.