Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39860673›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Non-Intrusive Monitoring of Vital Signs in the Lower Limbs Using Optical Sensors.

Joana Simões, Regina Oliveira, Florinda M Costa, António Teixeira, Cátia Leitão, Pedro Correia, Ana Luísa M Silva

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Joana SimõesInstitute for Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication (i3N), Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.ORCID 0009-0007-6625-0781
Regina OliveiraInstitute for Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication (i3N), Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0003-4913-8409
Florinda M CostaInstitute for Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication (i3N), Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0001-8729-714X
António TeixeiraInstitute of Electronics and Informatics Engineering of Aveiro (IEETA), Department of Electronics Telecommunications & Informatics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0002-7675-1236
Cátia LeitãoInstitute for Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication (i3N), Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0002-6331-1215
Pedro CorreiaInstitute for Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication (i3N), Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0001-7292-7735
Ana Luísa M SilvaInstitute for Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication (i3N), Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0002-8363-0109

Funding

FCT 2022.09701.BD; 2020.00154.CEECIND/CP1589/CT0019FCT project 254 i3N (UIDB/50025/2020, UIDP/50025/2020 and LA/P/0037/2020)PRR - Plano de Recuperação e 253 Resiliência under the Next Generation EU from the European Union Project "Agenda ILLIANCE" 252 [C644919832-00000035 | Project nº 46] - WP4 OLI Health
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Invisible health monitoring is currently a topic of global interest within the scientific community. Sensorization of everyday objects can provide valuable health information without requiring any changes in people's routines. In this work, a feasibility study of photoplethysmography (PPG) acquisition in the lower limbs for continuous and real-time monitoring of the vital signs, including heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR), is presented. The proposed system uses two MAX30102 sensors to obtain PPG signals from the back of the thigh. As proof of concept, tests were conducted in 17 volunteers (age group between 22 and 40 years old, twelve females and five males), and the results were compared to those of reference sensors. A Pearson correlation coefficient of r = 0.92 and r = 0.77 and a mean difference of 1.2 bpm and 0.9 rpm for HR and RR, respectively, were obtained between the developed system and reference. System accuracies of 95.9% for HR and 91.3% for RR were achieved, showing the system viability for vital sign monitoring of the lower limbs.

Indexed as

Lower ExtremityPhotoplethysmographyVital SignsAdultFemaleHeart RateHumansMaleMonitoring, PhysiologicRespiratory RateYoung Adultheart rateinvisible health monitoringlower limbsoptical sensorphotoplethysmographyrespiratory rate

Identifiers

PMID39860673
PMCPMC11768218

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.