ReviewNutrients2025
Vitamin D: Evidence-Based Health Benefits and Recommendations for Population Guidelines.
Review in Nutrients, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
77 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The 2024 Endocrine Society Guideline on Vitamin D: Comprehensive Summary and Critical Appraisal.Nutrients · 2026Pooled it
- Investigating the Inflammatory Link Between Vitamin D and Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Systematic Review and Causal Inference Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Vitamin D status in patients with oral leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC oral health · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Vitamin D Deficiency Meets Hill's Criteria for Causation in SARS-CoV-2 Susceptibility, Complications, and Mortality: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- Association of vitamin D with risk of dementiaFrontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- The effects of dairy products containingFrontiers in nutrition · 2026Trial
- Vitamin D supplement intake is associated with better cognition in persons with sleep disturbance and mild cognitive impairment.Sleep medicine · 2026Article
- Microbiome-Directed Bioactive Strategies in Skin Aging: Mechanistic Insights and Precision Nanocarrier Delivery Approaches.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Treatment Response to Vitamin DBiomedicines · 2026Article
- Content of Vitamin DMetabolites · 2026Review
- From the Vitamin D Paradox to Precision Nutrition: Targeted Supplementation, Assay Pitfalls, and Clinical Decision-Making.Current nutrition reports · 2026Review
- What's New in Photoprotection?American journal of clinical dermatology · 2026Review
- The Redox Paradox of Natural Supplements in Cancer: A Narrative Review to Guide Clinical Practice.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- A Healthy Lifestyle Can Slow Immune System Aging and Reduce Age-Related Chronic Inflammation: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Vitamin D as a cellular endocrine system: Tissue-specific microcircuits, immune reprogramming, and metabolic resistance.iScience · 2026Review
- Population Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Status in Kazakhstan: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Updated perspectives on vitamin D deficiency, screening, supplementation and clinical guidance.Cardiovascular diabetology. Endocrinology reports · 2026Review
- Exploring the Role of Vitamin D in Familial Mediterranean Fever: Pathogenesis, Triggers, and Immune Modulation.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Vitamin D offers numerous under-recognized health benefits beyond its well-known role in musculoskeletal health. It is vital for extra-renal tissues, prenatal health, brain function, immunity, pregnancy, cancer prevention, and cardiovascular health. Existing guidelines issued by governmental and health organizations are bone-centric and largely overlook the abovementioned extra-skeletal benefits and optimal thresholds for vitamin D. In addition, they rely on randomized controlled trials (RCTs), which seldom show benefits due to high baseline 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations, moderate supplementation doses, and flawed study designs. This review emphasizes the findings from prospective cohort studies showing that higher 25(OH)D concentrations reduce the risks of major diseases and mortality, including pregnancy and birth outcomes. Serum concentrations > 30 ng/mL (75 nmol/L) significantly lower disease and mortality risks compared to <20 ng/mL. With 25% of the U.S. population and 60% of Central Europeans having levels <20 ng/mL, concentrations should be raised above 30 ng/mL. This is achievable through daily supplementation with 2000 IU/day (50 mcg/day) of vitamin D
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.