Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39861413›Full record

ArticleNutrients2025

Combined Effects of Spirulina Liquid Extract and Endurance Training on Aerobic Performance and Muscle Metabolism Adaptation in Wistar Rats.

Jordi Vignaud, Céline Loiseau, Martine Côme, Isabelle Martin, Rova Rasoanarivo, Josiane Hérault, Claire Mayer, Olivier Lépine, Lionel Ulmann

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nutrients, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Jordi VignaudBiOSSE, Biology of Organisms, Stress, Health, Environment, Institut Universitaire de Technologie, Département Génie Biologique, Le Mans Université, 53020 Laval, France.ORCID 0009-0009-7553-1248
Céline LoiseauBiOSSE, Biology of Organisms, Stress, Health, Environment, Institut Universitaire de Technologie, Département Génie Biologique, Le Mans Université, 53020 Laval, France.ORCID 0000-0001-9196-7847
Martine CômeBiOSSE, Biology of Organisms, Stress, Health, Environment, Institut Universitaire de Technologie, Département Génie Biologique, Le Mans Université, 53020 Laval, France.
Isabelle MartinBiOSSE, Biology of Organisms, Stress, Health, Environment, Institut Universitaire de Technologie, Département Génie Biologique, Le Mans Université, 53020 Laval, France.
Rova RasoanarivoBiOSSE, Biology of Organisms, Stress, Health, Environment, Institut Universitaire de Technologie, Département Génie Biologique, Le Mans Université, 53020 Laval, France.
Josiane HéraultBiOSSE, Biology of Organisms, Stress, Health, Environment, Institut Universitaire de Technologie, Département Génie Biologique, Le Mans Université, 53020 Laval, France.
Claire MayerBiOSSE, Biology of Organisms, Stress, Health, Environment, Institut Universitaire de Technologie, Département Génie Biologique, Le Mans Université, 53020 Laval, France.ORCID 0000-0003-3035-294X
Olivier LépineAlgoSource, 44350 Guérande, France.ORCID 0000-0001-6914-9186
Lionel UlmannBiOSSE, Biology of Organisms, Stress, Health, Environment, Institut Universitaire de Technologie, Département Génie Biologique, Le Mans Université, 53020 Laval, France.ORCID 0000-0002-9009-2791

Funding

Collectivités Locales Mayennaises None
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPhysical activity, such as running, protects against cardiovascular disease and obesity but can induce oxidative stress. Athletes often consume antioxidants to counteract the overproduction of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species during exercise.

methodsThree-week-old male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: a sedentary control group (C), a sedentary group supplemented with SLE (SP), an endurance training group (T), and an endurance training group supplemented with SLE (SPT). After 8 weeks of treadmill training, blood and muscle were collected. Biochemical parameters and gene expression analyses were performed to assess the effects of training and supplementation.

resultsThe maximal aerobic speed improved significantly in the SPT group. Plasma lipid profiles showed a reduction in triglyceridemia, cholesterolemia, and atherogenic index in the trained groups, especially with SLE supplementation. Muscle malondialdehyde levels decreased in the SPT group compared to T. Gene expression analysis revealed upregulation of Nrf2 and mitochondrial biogenesis genes in both muscles, with differences between groups for genes related to glycogen storage and β-oxidation.

conclusionsThis study demonstrated that SLE supplementation enhanced exercise performance and promoted muscle molecular adaptations. These findings suggest SLE as a promising functional food supplement for athletes, optimizing recovery and performance.

Indexed as

Adaptation, PhysiologicalDietary SupplementsEndurance TrainingMuscle, SkeletalPhysical Conditioning, AnimalSpirulinaAnimalsAntioxidantsMaleNF-E2-Related Factor 2Oxidative StressPhycocyaninRatsRats, WistarAntioxidantsNF-E2-Related Factor 2Phycocyaninantioxidantsendurance trainingmuscle performanceSpirulina liquid extract

Identifiers

PMID39861413
PMCPMC11769088

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.