Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39868558›Full record

ArticleThe journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences2025

Association of Depression Dimensions With Cognitive Functioning in Community-Dwelling Oldest-Old Adults: The LifeAfter90 Study.

Laili Soleimani, Andrew Hirst, Paola Gilsanz, Rachel A Whitmer, Maria M Corrada, Michal S Beeri

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Laili SoleimaniDepartment of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
Andrew HirstDivision of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Pleasanton, California, USA.
Paola GilsanzDivision of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Pleasanton, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7635-381X
Rachel A WhitmerDepartment of Neurology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA.
Maria M CorradaDepartment of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA.
Michal S BeeriHerbert and Jacqueline Krieger Klein Alzheimer's Research Center, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.

Funding

Research Education ComponentP30AG066514 · NIA · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI Margaret Sewell · 2020 to 2026
$31.0M
Epidemiology of Age-related Dementia, Mild Cognitive Impairment and Brain Pathology in Cohort of Oldest-OldR01AG056519 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI Maria Corrada, Paola Gilsanz · 2022 to 2026
$25.8M
UC Davis Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterP30AG072972 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI Charles DeCarli, Rachel A Whitmer · 2021 to 2026
$25.2M
Alzheimer's Association AACSF-21-852173 and SG-24-1247794NIA NIH HHS P30 AG066514NIA NIH HHS P30 AG072972NIA NIH HHS R01 AG056519NIA NIH HHS R01AG056519
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThe oldest-old adults (90+) constitute the fastest-growing demographic at the highest dementia risk among older adults. Depression, a common risk factor, inherently presents with heterogeneous clinical manifestations. Here, we explored the associations of the predominant depression dimensions with cognition in the LifeAfter90 study.

methodsThe LifeAfter90 study consists of racially/ethnically diverse community-dwelling adults of >90. Cognitive assessments measured episodic memory, semantic memory, and executive function. Baseline depression was measured by the Geriatric Depression Scale-15 item (GDS-15), yielding dimensions of Dysphoria, Withdrawal-Apathy-Vigor, Anxiety, Hopelessness, and Subjective Memory Complaint (SMC). We used generalized linear mixed models to explore associations between depression dimensions, and cognitive outcomes at baseline and over time adjusting for demographic factors.

resultsThe cohort (n = 960, mean age 92.4 ± 2.3 years, 61.56% female) was very racially and ethnically diverse with 27% of participants identifying as White, 24% as Asian, 23% as Black, and 19% as Latino. Common complaints included not identifying as "full of energy" (52.45%), preference to "stay home" (46.31%), and "dropped activity" (40.0%), and 25% reported SMC. Depression dimensions showed distinct associations with cognitive outcomes: SMC correlated with worse global cognition, executive function, and verbal episodic memory (all ps < .0001). Hopelessness was associated with worse executive function (p < .001). Over 1.2 years, baseline hopelessness showed a trend for a faster decline in episodic memory (β = -0.22; p = .035). DISCUSSION: In the oldest old, specific dimensions like SMC and hopelessness may help identify individuals at high risk for cognitive decline in this highly vulnerable population.

Indexed as

CognitionCognitive DysfunctionDepressionAged, 80 and overExecutive FunctionFemaleGeriatric AssessmentHumansIndependent LivingMaleMemory, EpisodicNeuropsychological TestsHopelessnessMoodPsychometricsRacial diversitySubjective Memory Complaint

Identifiers

PMID39868558
PMCPMC12079382

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.