Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39872596›Full record

ReviewCureus2024

The Pathophysiology and Vascular Complications of Diabetes in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Comprehensive Review.

Wilhelmina N Hauwanga, Tibyan Y Abdalhamed, Lynda A Ezike, Ifeoma S Chukwulebe, Aung Ko Oo, Amal Wilfred, Abdul Rahman Anuz Khan A Khan, Johnny Chukwuwike, Edisond Florial, Habeebah Lawan and 2 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cureus, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Observational
  6. Blood Flow Restriction Training in Hemodialysis Patients: Clinical Benefits, Challenges, and Future Perspectives.Hemodialysis international. International Symposium on Home Hemodialysis · 2026
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Benefits of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors with Renin-Angiotensin System Blockers in Type-2 Diabetes: A Cohort Analysis.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2025
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Wilhelmina N HauwangaCardiology, Gaffrée and Guinle University Hospital, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BRA.
Tibyan Y AbdalhamedNeurosurgery, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, BRA.
Lynda A EzikeGeneral Medicine, Garki Hospital, Garki, NGA.
Ifeoma S ChukwulebeInternal Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu, NGA.
Aung Ko OoMedicine, Monash University, Melbourne, AUS.
Amal WilfredNeurosurgery, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, BRA.
Abdul Rahman Anuz Khan A KhanNeurosurgery, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, BRA.
Johnny ChukwuwikeNeurosurgery, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, BRA.
Edisond FlorialGeneral Medicine, Hôpital Sainte Thérèse de Hinche, Port-au-Prince, HTI.
Habeebah LawanNeurosurgery, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, BRA.
Asaju FelixGeneral Practice, Dorset County Hospital, Dorchester, GBR.
Billy McBenedictNeurosurgery, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, BRA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The coexistence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents a significant global health challenge, contributing to substantial morbidity, mortality, and economic burden. T2DM is the leading cause of CKD, and CKD exacerbates diabetes-related complications, creating a bidirectional relationship driven by oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), affecting some individuals with T2DM, accelerates progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and increases cardiovascular mortality. Microvascular complications, including nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy, and macrovascular complications, such as coronary artery disease and stroke, are prevalent in this population, further diminishing the quality of life. The pathophysiology underlying these complications is multifaceted. Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and inflammation drive kidney damage and systemic vascular complications, while CKD alters glucose metabolism and antidiabetic drug pharmacokinetics. Endothelial dysfunction exacerbates vascular complications through impaired nitric oxide production and heightened thrombogenicity. Emerging insights into genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation and mitochondrial dysfunction, have highlighted new therapeutic targets. Management strategies emphasize early screening, glycemic control, and a multidisciplinary approach integrating lifestyle modifications, pharmacotherapy, and patient education. Interventions targeting oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction have shown promise in mitigating disease progression. Current evidence on the interconnected mechanisms driving DKD and associated vascular complications highlights the critical need for proactive, patient-centered management and further research into innovative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to address this global health challenge.

Indexed as

chronic kidney diseasediabetic nephropathyinflammationoxidative stresstype 2 diabetesvascular complications

Identifiers

PMID39872596
PMCPMC11770394

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.