ReviewMolecular neurobiology2025
Role of Probiotics in Depression: Connecting Dots of Gut-Brain-Axis Through Hypothalamic-Pituitary Adrenal Axis and Tryptophan/Kynurenic Pathway involving Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase.
Review in Molecular neurobiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The therapeutic readiness of probiotics in major depressive disorder: A systematic review of randomised controlled trials.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2026Pooled it
- Gut microbiota alterations associated with anxiety and depression in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review of prospective cohorts and randomized trials.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Pooled it
- The Impact of Psychobiotic Therapy on Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms in Patients with Post-COVID Syndrome-A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.Metabolites · 2026Article
- Nutritional Interventions for Perimenopausal Anxiety and Depression Targeting Tryptophan and GABA Pathways: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Association Between Systemic Inflammation Response Index and Specific Depressive Symptoms: Evidence From a Cross-Sectional Survey.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Psychobiotics and the microbiota-gut-brain axis: Emerging paradigms in mental health modulation.Experimental physiology · 2026Review
- An integrative multi-omics approach identifies microbiome alterations linked to pathological and behavioral features in autism spectrum disorder.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Behavioral, antioxidant, and kynurenine pathway modulation of a specific strain of Ligilactobacillus salivarius in a preclinical model of depression.European journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- The Gut-Brain Axis in Comorbidity of Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Anxiety/Depression: Mechanisms, Controversies, and Future Directions.International journal of general medicine · 2026Review
- Exploring the association between gut microbiota and venous thromboembolism using a Mendelian randomization analysis.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2026Article
- Gut microbial metabolites in cutaneous inflammation: shared mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- An Overview of Depression Pathogenesis: Prevailing Hypotheses and Associated Neurobiological Underpinnings Primarily Evidenced by Rodent Studies.Depression and anxiety · 2026Review
- Harnessing Dietary Tryptophan: Bridging the Gap Between Neurobiology and Psychiatry in Depression Management.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The microbiota-tryptophan-brain axis in neurodegenerative diseases: pathogenic mechanisms, disease-specific roles, and translational therapeutics.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Evaluation of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) on Cognitive Function in Rats with Gut-Brain Axis Dysfunction Following Acceleration Exposure.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Lactobacillus fermentum ATCC 9338 ameliorates immune dysregulation via indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase through modulating gut microbial diversity of chronic unpredictable mild stressed mouse.Metabolic brain disease · 2025Article
- Cognitive impairment and pain in depression: The mediating role of the kynurenine pathway.World journal of psychiatry · 2025Article
- Characterization of the gut microbiota in drug abuse: prediction, prevention, and personalized medicine to benefit affected populations.The EPMA journal · 2025Review
- Effect of folic acid diet on the behavior of female mice and ultrasonic vocalization of their F1 offspring.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2025Article
- The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Depression: Mechanisms, Microbiota-Targeted Interventions, and Translational Challenges.International journal of microbiology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Depression is one of the most disabling mental disorders worldwide and characterized by symptoms including worthlessness, anhedonia, sleep, and appetite disturbances. Recently, studies have suggested that tryptophan (Trp) metabolism plays a key role in depressed mood through serotonin and kynurenine pathway involving enzyme tryptophan 5-monooxygenase (TPH) and indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) respectively. Moreover, during neuroinflammation, IDO is activated by proinflammatory cytokines and affects neurogenesis, cognition, disturbed hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, and gut homeostasis by altering the gut bacteria and its metabolites like Trp derivatives. Furthermore, over the decades, researchers have focused on understanding communication between the human microbiome, especially gut microbiota, and mental health, called gut-brain-axis (GBA), particularly through Trp metabolism. Supplementation of probiotics in depression has gained attention from researchers and clinicians. However, there is limited information about probiotics supplementation on depression involving enzyme IDO and kynurenine pathway metabolites. This review discussed the potential role of probiotics in depression through the tryptophan/kynurenine pathway.
Indexed as
Identifiers
39875781What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.