Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39875964›Full record

SynthesisBMC health services research2025

Does drug dispensing influence patients' medication knowledge and medication adherence? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Elizabete Priscila Costa Santana, Haidelucia Rodrigues Vieira Javarini, Dyego Carlos Souza Anacleto de Araújo, Sabrina Cerqueira-Santos, Tiago Marques Reis, Genival Araujo Dos Santos-Junior, Kérilin Stancine Santos Rocha

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMC health services research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Elizabete Priscila Costa SantanaLaboratory of Innovation for Healthcare (Linc), Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6843-6922
Haidelucia Rodrigues Vieira JavariniResearch Group on Implementation of Clinical Pharmacy Services in Brazilian Health System (SUS). Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Assistance (PPGASFAR), Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9097-5383
Dyego Carlos Souza Anacleto de AraújoLaboratory of Innovation for Healthcare (Linc), Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6631-465X
Sabrina Cerqueira-SantosFederal University of Juiz de Fora, Governadaor Valadares, MG, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6748-727X
Tiago Marques ReisFederal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL), Alfenas, MG, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0789-0187
Genival Araujo Dos Santos-JuniorResearch Group on Implementation of Clinical Pharmacy Services in Brazilian Health System (SUS). Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Assistance (PPGASFAR), Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5618-1846
Kérilin Stancine Santos RochaLaboratory of Innovation for Healthcare (Linc), Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil. kerilin.rocha@ufes.br.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2313-2140

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundInadequate medication knowledge and medication nonadherence by patients are considered an issue in healthcare, as they can lead to negative outcomes, such as therapeutic failures and hospitalization. Even though drug dispensing, which has pharmacist counseling as a core element, is a service traditionally performed by pharmacists, there is still no evidence about the influence of this service on these health outcomes.

objectiveTo evaluate the influence of drug dispensing on patients' medication knowledge and medication adherence.

methodsA systematic review was conducted in which a literature search was performed in the PubMed/Medline, Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde, Web of Science, and Embase databases, as well as in gray literature. Two reviewers read the titles, abstracts and complete texts according to the eligibility criteria and extracted the data from the included articles. Original studies-of any design-evaluating the influence of drug dispensing on patients' medication knowledge and/or adherence in community pharmacies were included. The methodological quality was assessed through the tools provided by the JBI Institute. The data was analyzed through qualitative synthesis and a meta-analysis was conducted for randomized controlled trials which used the outcome of medication adherence using the RStudio version 4.3.3 program.

resultsA total of 7,590 studies were identified in the initial search, of which 11 articles met the eligibility criteria and were included in this systematic review. The studies were published in Africa, Latin America, Asia, Europe and Australia. Most of the studies were interventional (n = 7). Four studies evaluated the influence of drug dispensing on the patient's medication knowledge, and all showed that knowledge increased after dispensing. Eight studies evaluated the influence of dispensing on medication adherence. Three studies were included in the meta-analysis, which showed moderate heterogeneity (I

conclusionThis systematic review demonstrated that patient's medication knowledge can be increased through drug dispensing. However, the meta-analysis indicated that drug dispensing does not have an impact on medication adherence. Our findings can support evidence-based decisions, guiding the planning and development of public policies and interventions which improve drug dispensing for patients, families, and communities.

Indexed as

Community Pharmacy ServicesHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeMedication AdherencePatient Medication KnowledgeHumansPharmacistsDispensingMedication AdherencePatient’s Medication KnowledgePharmacist

Identifiers

PMID39875964
PMCPMC11776115

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.