Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39879092›Full record

ReviewJMIR serious games2025

Exploring Virtual Reality and Exercise Simulator Interventions in Patients With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Comprehensive Literature Review.

Gurdeep Sarai, Prem Prakash Jayaraman, Oren Tirosh, Nilmini Wickramasinghe

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in JMIR serious games, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Gurdeep Sarai *School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5555-3045
Prem Prakash Jayaraman *School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Factory of the Future and Digital Innovation Lab, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4500-3443
Oren Tirosh *Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Clinical Biomechanics and Rehabilitation, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2281-6399
Nilmini Wickramasinghe *School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, Optus Chair Digital Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1314-8843

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis review explores virtual reality (VR) and exercise simulator-based interventions for individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Past research indicates that both VR and simulator-based interventions enhance cognitive functions, such as executive function and memory, though their impacts on attention vary.

objectiveThis study aimed to contribute to the ongoing scientific discourse on integrating technology-driven interventions into the management and evaluation of ADHD. It specifically seeks to consolidate findings on how VR and exercise simulators may support individuals with ADHD, acknowledging associated challenges and implications inherent in both technological approaches.

methodsThis research looks at existing literature to examine the potential efficacy of VR and exercise simulator-based interventions for individuals with ADHD. It evaluates the capacity of these interventions to address specific challenges along with an emphasis on the adjustments for accommodating unique user behaviors. Additionally, it underscores the limited exploration of user perceptions of exercise simulator-based interventions and the undervalued role of motor function in both ADHD assessment and symptom management.

resultsThe findings of this scoping review reveal that, while these interventions enhance user motivation and enjoyment, certain challenges resist modification through technology. Furthermore, this study explores the intricate complexities involved in customizing these technologies to accommodate the diverse aspects of user behavior and highlights the potential limitations in the use of VR.

conclusionsThis scoping review contributes to the ongoing research on enhancing interventions to support individuals with ADHD. It advocates for participant-centric approaches that aim to optimize both cognitive and motor outcomes while prioritizing the enhancement of user experiences. This study emphasizes the need for a comprehensive approach to interventions, recognizing the relationship between cognitive and motor abilities, and calls for improving technological interventions to address the varied needs of individuals with ADHD.

Indexed as

attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorderexercise-based simulatorexergamephysical activityvirtual reality

Identifiers

PMID39879092
PMCPMC11822328

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.