ReviewJournal of neurology2025
Towards a biological view of multiple sclerosis from early subtle to clinical progression: an expert opinion.
Review in Journal of neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mucin degradation by Akkermansia muciniphila promotes Alistipes-dependent tryptophan metabolism and Th17-driven autoimmunity.Mucosal immunology · 2026Article
- The Neurovascular Niche: A Gathering Venue for Neuroinflammation and Remyelination in Multiple Sclerosis.Acta physiologica (Oxford, England) · 2026Review
- Big data in multiple sclerosis.Current opinion in neurology · 2026Review
- Defining Activity-Based Subgroups in Multiple Sclerosis: A Review and Framework Proposal.European journal of neurology · 2026Review
- From Phenotypes to Spectrum: Rethinking RRMS, SPMS and PPMS in the Era of PIRA-A Framework Integrating PIRA, Smouldering-Associated Worsening, and Neurologic Reserve to Facilitate Earlier Recognition of Progression.Neurology international · 2026Review
- Confined B-Cell Reconstruction and High T-Cell Clonality Define Clinical Response to Cladribine Treatment.Annals of neurology · 2026Article
- HerMeS: a registry-based evaluation of the HERCULES criteria for identifying nonrelapsing SPMS.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- A novel ecological approach to assess theory of Mind and social norm understanding for social cognition phenotyping in multiple sclerosis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Assessment of the RoAD Score as a Predictor of Long-Term Irreversible Ambulatory Disability in Multiple Sclerosis: Evidence from a Real-World Cohort.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- The Age-Related Efficacy of Dimethyl Fumarate in Naive Versus Switcher Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A Multicenter Population-Based Study.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Serum Metabolomic Profiling in Possible Early-Stage Multiple Sclerosis: A TargetedJournal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2025Article
- Brain Atrophy and Cognitive Impairment in Primary and Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis Cohort-Similar Progressive MS Phenotype.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Refining Prognostic Factors in Adult-Onset Multiple Sclerosis: A Narrative Review of Current Insights.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Oral Manifestations of Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- From demyelination to neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis: reassessing the role of visual evoked potential P100-N145 amplitudes: a missing piece of the puzzle?Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Multiple sclerosis as a biological and clinical continuum: from risk factors to the early stages of disease.Frontiers in neurologyReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The classification of multiple sclerosis (MS) into the two distinct phases of relapsing-remitting and progressive, including primary progressive and secondary progressive phenotypes (PPMS and SPMS, respectively) has long been accepted; however, there are several unmet needs associated with this particular model. The observation that both inflammation and neurodegeneration are present from the onset of MS has resulted in a paradigm shift towards MS as a disease continuum driven by pathological mechanisms underlying clinical progression. Here we report the results from a meeting of Italian MS specialists, exploring the evolving perception of MS pathobiology and its implications for diagnosis and treatment. Insights garnered from the expert panel advocate for a redefined understanding of MS. This expert opinion paper reviews the disease continuum and the intertwined nature of inflammatory and neurodegenerative processes. Also, the need for changes in diagnostic criteria and treatment strategies, including the development of novel biomarkers and new therapies targeting smouldering disease, is discussed.
Indexed as
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.