ArticleOphthalmology science
Geometrical Features of Subbasal Corneal Whorl-like Nerve Patterns in Dry Eye Disease: An In Vivo Confocal Microscopy Study.
Article in Ophthalmology science. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- The combined use of in vivo confocal microscopy and optical coherence tomography in monitoring corneal infections.Eye (London, England) · 2026Article
- Emerging Technologies in Corneal Nerve Evaluation for Dry Eye and Ocular Surface Disease: A Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the geometrical feature of the whorl-like corneal nerve in dry eye disease (DED) across different severity levels and subtypes and preliminarily explore its diagnostic ability. Design: Cross-sectional study. Participants: The study included 29 healthy subjects (51 eyes) and 62 DED patients (95 eyes). Methods: All subjects underwent comprehensive ophthalmic examinations, dry eye tests, and in vivo confocal microscopy to visualize the whorl-like corneal nerve at the inferior whorl (IW) region and the straight nerve at the central cornea. The structure of the corneal nerve was extracted and characterized using the fractal dimension (CND Main Outcome Measures: The characteristics of quantified whorl-like corneal nerve metrics in different groups of severity and subtype defined by symptoms and signs of DED. Results: Compared with the healthy controls, the CND Conclusions: Geometrical parameters of IW could potentially allow optimization of the staging of DED. Reliable and objective measurements for the whorl-like cornea nerve might facilitate patient stratification and diagnosis of DED. Financial Disclosures: Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
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Registered trials
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