SynthesisAnnals of medicine2025
Cardiopulmonary fitness in children/adolescents with chronic kidney disease and the impact of exercise training: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational study and randomized controlled trials.
Synthesis in Annals of medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- m-Health-based exercise program among children and adolescents with chronic kidney disease: a feasibility study.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- Assessment of functional capacity in children with chronic kidney disease using various field tests.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- Physical activity among children and young people with chronic kidney diseases: a scoping review.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThis systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate differences in cardiopulmonary fitness between healthy controls and children/adolescents with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the effects of exercise training.
methodsPubMed, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science were searched for published studies from reception to 14 June 2023, and updated search on 15 October 2023. The included observational studies reported on cardiorespiratory fitness, included maximal oxygen uptake (VO
resultsFifteen observational studies and five clinical trials were included, respectively. The studies found that the mean cardiopulmonary fitness was 1.82 standardized mean differences (SMDs) units (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.43-2.20) lower in children/adolescents with CKD than in healthy controls or reference values. Except for pre-dialysis CKD patients, peritoneal dialysis, haemodialysis and kidney transplant recipients had significantly lower cardiorespiratory fitness than healthy controls. The results of a meta-analysis based on a pre-post single-arm trial showed that compared to baseline, exercise training improved the 6MWD by approximately 58.17 m (95% CI 16.27-100.06), with very low evidence.
conclusionsThis systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies and clinical trials that included children/adolescents with CKD found that cardiorespiratory fitness is severely reduced in this population and that exercise training may be an effective strategy for improvement. Given the low evidence certainty, additional high-quality trials are necessary.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.