Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39910407›Full record

SynthesisThe international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity2025

Behavioural components and delivery features of early childhood obesity prevention interventions: intervention coding of studies in the TOPCHILD Collaboration systematic review.

Brittany J Johnson, Paul M Chadwick, Samantha Pryde, Anna Lene Seidler, Kylie E Hunter, Mason Aberoumand, Jonathan G Williams, Hei In Lau, Sol Libesman, Jannik Aagerup and 60 more

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Trial
  5. The effect of the Baby-Feed website intervention on diet quality in healthy infants: a randomized controlled trial.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2026
    Trial
  6. Supporting Decision Making in Early Years Initiatives: Co-Designing a Child Health Evidence Dashboard.Health promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals · 2026
    Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

70 authors.

Brittany J JohnsonCollege of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Caring Futures Institute, Adelaide, Australia. brittany.johnson@flinders.edu.au.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5492-9219
Paul M ChadwickCentre for Behaviour Change, University College London, London, UK.
Samantha PrydeCollege of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Caring Futures Institute, Adelaide, Australia.
Anna Lene SeidlerNational Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.
Kylie E HunterNational Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.
Mason AberoumandNational Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.
Jonathan G WilliamsNational Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.
Hei In LauCollege of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Caring Futures Institute, Adelaide, Australia.
Sol LibesmanNational Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.
Jannik AagerupNational Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.
Angie BarbaNational Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.
Louise A BaurSydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.
Samantha MorgilloCollege of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Caring Futures Institute, Adelaide, Australia.
Lee SandersPediatrics and Health Policy, Stanford University, Stanford, USA.
Sarah TakiPopulation Health Research and Evaluation Hub, Sydney Local Health District, Camperdown, Australia.
Kylie D HeskethInstitute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
Karen CampbellInstitute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
Alexandra MansonCollege of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Caring Futures Institute, Adelaide, Australia.
Alison HayesSchool of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.
Angela WebsterNational Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.
Charles WoodDepartment of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
Denise A O'ConnorSchool of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.
Karen Matvienko-SikarSchool of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
Kristy RobledoNational Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.
Lisa AskieNational Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.
Luke WolfendenSchool of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.
Rachael TaylorUniversity of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
H Shonna YinDepartments of Pediatrics and Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, USA.
Vicki BrownDeakin Health Economics, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
Alexander FiksClinical Futures and Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
Alison VenturaDepartment of Kinesiology and Public Health, Bailey College of Science and Math, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, USA.
Ata GhaderiDepartment of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.
Barry J TaylorUniversity of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Cathleen StoughDepartment of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, USA.
Christine HelleDepartment of Nutrition and Public Health, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
Cristina PalaciosDepartment of Dietetics and Nutrition, Florida International University, Miami, USA.
Eliana M PerrinDepartment of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Elizabeth ReifsniderArizona State University, Tempe, USA.
Finn RasmussenDepartment of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.
Ian M PaulPenn State College of Medicine, Hershey, USA.
Jennifer S SavageThe Center for Childhood Obesity Research, Department of Nutritional Sciences at The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA.
Jessica ThomsonUS Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Maryland, USA.
Jinan BannaUniversity of Hawaii, Manoa, USA.
Junilla LarsenBehavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Kaumudi JoshipuraHarvard Chan School of Public Health, Ahmedabad University School of Public Health, Boston, USA.
Ken K OngMedical Research Centre Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Levie KarssenBehavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Li Ming WenPopulation Health Research and Evaluation Hub, Sydney Local Health District, Camperdown, Australia.
Márcia VitoloMedical Sciences Campus, University of Puetro Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
Margrethe RøedDepartment of Nutrition and Public Health, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
Maria BryantUniversity of York, York, UK.
Maribel Campos RiveraCOHeAL University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
Mary Jo MessitoNew York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, USA.
Natalia GolovaHasbro Children's Hospital, Warren Alpert School of Medicine of Brown University, Providence, USA.
Nina Cecilie ØverbyDepartment of Nutrition and Public Health, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
Rachel GrossDepartment of Pediatrics, Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, USA.
Rajalakshmi LakshmanMedical Research Centre Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Rebecca ByrneSchool of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
Russell L RothmanInstitute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA.
Sharleen O'ReillySchool of Agriculture and Food Science, College of Health and Agricultural Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Stephanie Anzman-FrascaJacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, USA.
Vera VerbestelFaculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Department of Health Promotion, Research Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM) and Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Claudio MaffeisDepartment of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics, and Gynecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Kayla de la HayeDepartment of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA.
Sarah-Jeanne SalvyCedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA.
Seema MihrshahiDepartment of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, Australia.
Janani RamachandranChildren's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA.
Paola Seffrin BarattoGraduate Program in Pediatrics, Child and Adolescent Health, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Rebecca K GolleyCollege of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Caring Futures Institute, Adelaide, Australia.
TOPCHILD Collaboration

Funding

In-home obesity prevention to reach low-income infants through maternal and social transmissionR01HD092483 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI DE LA HAYE, KAYLA, SALVY, SARAH-JEANNE · 2017 to 2021
$2.7M
Australian National Health and Medical Research Council GNT1186363Australian National Health and Medical Research Council GNT2006999NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD092483
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEarly childhood obesity prevention interventions that aim to change parent/caregiver practices related to infant (milk) feeding, food provision and parent feeding, movement (including activity, sedentary behaviour) and/or sleep health (i.e. target parental behaviour domains) are diverse and heterogeneously reported. We aimed to 1) systematically characterise the target behaviours, delivery features, and Behaviour Change Techniques (BCTs) used in interventions in the international Transforming Obesity Prevention for CHILDren (TOPCHILD) Collaboration, and 2) explore similarities and differences in BCTs used in interventions by target behaviour domains.

methodsAnnual systematic searches were performed in MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane (CENTRAL), CINAHL, PsycINFO, and two clinical trial registries, from inception to February 2023. Trialists from eligible randomised controlled trials of parent-focused, behavioural early obesity prevention interventions shared unpublished intervention materials. Standardised approaches were used to code target behaviours, delivery features and BCTs in both published and unpublished intervention materials. Validation meetings confirmed coding with trialists. Narrative syntheses were performed.

resultsThirty-two trials reporting 37 active intervention arms were included. Interventions targeted a range of behaviours. The most frequent combination was targeting all parental behaviour domains (infant [milk] feeding, food provision and parent feeding, movement, sleep health; n[intervention arms] = 15/37). Delivery features varied considerably. Most interventions were delivered by a health professional (n = 26/36), included facilitator training (n = 31/36), and were interactive (n = 28/36). Overall, 49 of 93 unique BCTs were coded to at least one target behaviour domain. The most frequently coded BCTs were: Instruction on how to perform a behaviour (n[intervention arms, separated by domain] = 102), Behavioural practice and rehearsal (n = 85), Information about health consequences (n = 85), Social support (unspecified) (n = 84), and Credible source (n = 77). Similar BCTs were often used for each target behaviour domain.

conclusionsOur study provides the most comprehensive description of the behaviour change content of complex interventions targeting early childhood obesity prevention available to date. Our analysis revealed that interventions targeted multiple behaviour domains, with significant variation in delivery features. Despite the diverse range of BCTs coded, five BCTs were consistently identified across domains, though certain BCTs were more prevalent in specific domains. These findings can be used to examine effectiveness of components and inform intervention development and evaluation in future trials.

trial registrationPROSPERO registration no. CRD42020177408.

Indexed as

Behavior TherapyHealth BehaviorHealth PromotionPediatric ObesityChild, PreschoolExerciseFeeding BehaviorHumansInfantParentsRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicSedentary BehaviorBehaviour change techniquesDietInfant feedingInfantsIntervention componentsMovementSleep

Identifiers

PMID39910407
PMCPMC11796048

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.