ReviewFrontiers in immunology2025
Overcoming immune evasion with innovative multi-target approaches for glioblastoma.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- The microenvironment of glioblastoma: in pursuit of universal multimodal immunotherapy.Acta neurologica Belgica · 2026Review
- Review
- Dual-Function Lipid-Based Nanovector Strategy for Glioblastoma Immunotherapy: STING Activation and M1 Microglia Polarization.Drug development research · 2026Review
- Targeting the COX-2/PGECancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Review
- Neutrophil Percentage-to-Albumin Ratio as a Novel Prognostic Biomarker in Adult Diffuse Gliomas: Retrospective Study Integrating 3 Machine Learning Models and Cox Regression.JMIR medical informatics · 2026Article
- Current strategies and novel immunotherapeutic approaches for overcoming immune resistance in glioblastoma.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Identification of Prognostic Genes Related to Cell Senescence and Lipid Metabolism in Glioblastoma Based on Transcriptome and Single-Cell RNA-Seq Data.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Unraveling epigenetic drivers of immune evasion in gliomas: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) cells leverage complex endogenous and environmental regulatory mechanisms to drive proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Tumor immune evasion, facilitated by a multifactorial network, poses a significant challenge to effective therapy, as evidenced by the limited clinical benefits of monotherapies, highlighting the adaptive nature of immune evasion. This review explores glioblastoma's immune evasion mechanisms, the role of ICIs in the tumor microenvironment, and recent clinical advancements, offering theoretical insights and directions for monotherapy and combination therapy in glioblastoma management.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.