Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39914642›Full record

ArticleExperimental neurology2025

Mineral coated microparticles delivering Interleukin-4, Interleukin-10, and Interleukin-13 reduce inflammation and improve function after spinal cord injury in a rat.

Daniel J Hellenbrand, Jae Sung Lee, Ethan J Mickelson, Matthew C Baer, Emily L Ott, Natalie R Martinson, Matthew R Ceelen, Keegan H Hilger, Brooke E Nielsen, Alison N Jacobs and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Experimental neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Spinal Cord Injury Remyelination: Pathways to Therapies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Daniel J HellenbrandDepartment of Neurosurgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
Jae Sung LeeDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
Ethan J MickelsonDepartment of Neurosurgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
Matthew C BaerDepartment of Neurosurgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
Emily L OttDepartment of Neurosurgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
Natalie R MartinsonDepartment of Neurosurgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
Matthew R CeelenDepartment of Neurosurgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
Keegan H HilgerDepartment of Neurosurgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
Brooke E NielsenDepartment of Neurosurgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
Alison N JacobsDepartment of Neurosurgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
Raveena R MishraDepartment of Neurosurgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
Samuel A HurleyDepartment of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
William L MurphyDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Forward BIO Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA. Electronic address: wlmurphy@wisc.edu.
Amgad S HannaDepartment of Neurosurgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA. Electronic address: hanna@neurosurgery.wisc.edu.

Funding

University of Wisconsin Institute for Clinical and Translational ResearchUL1TR002373 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI ELIZABETH S BURNSIDE, Allan R. Brasier · 2017 to 2026
$75.9M
Treating Spinal Cord Injury with Mineral Coated Microparticles Releasing Anti-Inflammatory CytokinesR01NS136564 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI Amgad S Hanna, WILLIAM L. MURPHY · 2024 to 2026
$1.3M
Reducing Inflammation After Spinal Cord Injury Via Mineral Coated Microparticles Releasing Anti-Inflammatory CytokinesR56NS117935 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI HANNA, AMGAD S, MURPHY, WILLIAM L. · 2021 to 2021
$388k
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002373NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS136564NINDS NIH HHS R56 NS117935
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

After spinal cord injury (SCI) there is excessive inflammation and extensive infiltration of immune cells that leads to additional neural damage. Interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, and IL-13 are anti-inflammatories that have been shown to reduce several pro-inflammatory species, alter macrophage state, and provide neuroprotection. However, these anti-inflammatories have a short half-life, do not cross the blood-spinal cord barrier, and large systemic doses of ant-inflammatory cytokines can cause increased susceptibility to infections. In this study, we used mineral coated microparticles (MCMs) to bind, stabilize and deliver biologically active IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13 in a sustained manner directly to the injury site. Rats with a T10 SCI were given an intraspinal injection of cytokine-loaded MCMs 6 h post-injury. Testing of 27 cytokine/chemokine levels 24 h post-injury demonstrated that MCMs delivering IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13 significantly reduced inflammation (P < 0.0001). Rats treated with MCMs+(IL-4, IL-10, IL-13) had significantly higher Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan locomotor rating scores (P = 0.0021), Ladder Rung Test scores (P = 0.0021), and significantly longer latency threshold with the Hargreaves Test (P = 0.0123), compared to Injured Controls. Analyses of post-fixed spinal cords revealed significantly less spinal cord atrophy (P = 0.0344) in rats treated with MCMs+(IL-4, IL-10, IL-13), and diffusion tensor imaging tractography revealed significantly more tracts spanning the injury site (P = 0.0025) in rats treated with MCMs+(IL-4, IL-10, IL-13) compared to Injured Controls. In conclusion, MCMs delivering IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13 significantly reduced inflammation post-SCI, resulting in significantly less spinal cord damage and a significant improvement in hind limb function.

Indexed as

Interleukin-10Interleukin-13Interleukin-4Recovery of FunctionSpinal Cord InjuriesAnimalsDrug Delivery SystemsFemaleInflammationRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyInterleukin-10Interleukin-13Interleukin-4CytokinesDrug deliveryInflammationInterleukin-10Interleukin-13Interleukin-4MacrophageMicrogliaSecondary damageSpinal cord injury

Identifiers

PMID39914642
PMCPMC12746485

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.