ArticleScientific reports2025
The relationship between oxLDL, sLOX-1, PCSK9 and carotid intima-media thickness in patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- PCSK9 alleviates doxorubicin‑induced pyroptosis of cardiomyocytes.Molecular medicine reports · 2026Article
- Development of a biomarker-enhanced arterial age model for young-to-middle-aged adults with type 2 diabetes.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Carotid Intima-media Thickness is Lower after Sleeve Gastrectomy, with Concurrent Changes in Oxidized LDL and PAI-1.Obesity surgery · 2026Article
- Potential Molecular Biomarkers for Predicting and Monitoring Complications in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Correlation between Castelli risk index-I and female infertility: A cross-sectional study.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
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7 authors.
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Abstract
Affection of vascular structures is a known complication in diabetes and prediabetes. Subclinical atherosclerosis begins to develop years before both cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases become symptomatic. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between circulating oxidized LDL (oxLDL), soluble lectin-like oxidized LDL (sLOX)-1 and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) levels and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in patients with prediabetes and T2DM. We recruited 50 T2DM patients with macrovascular complications, 50 T2DM patients with uncomplicated, 50 prediabetes patients, and 50 healthy participants. The common carotid arteries were visualized by high-resolution B-mode carotid artery ultrasonography. Measurement of serum oxLDL, sLOX-1 and PCSK9 levels were assessed by using a commercially available human enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was also calculated. Circulating LDL-C, oxLDL, sLOX-1 and PCSK9 levels were significantly higher in T2DM patients with macrovascular complications compared to control group, prediabetes and uncomplicated diabetes. There was significant difference, especially between the controls and the T2DM patients with macrovascular complications. The CIMT increased progressively from control through to T2DM. Both right and left CIMT also showed significant differences between the groups of prediabetes versus uncomplicated diabetes at p < 0.001 showing progressive increase in vascular involvement with progression of disease. There was a positive correlation between PCSK9 levels with LDL-C, oxLDL, sLOX-1, and CIMT. ROC curve analyses showed that PCSK9, as well as oxLDL and LOX-1, was a strong predictor of T2DM with high sensitivity and specificity. In this study, we found that oxLDL, sLOX-1 and PCSK9 levels were significantly associated with carotid intima-media thickness. Our findings suggest that these biomarkers may be used as potential markers for the assessment of cardiovascular risk in patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes.
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