ReviewInflammation and regeneration2025
Inactivation of the CMAH gene and deficiency of Neu5Gc play a role in human brain evolution.
Review in Inflammation and regeneration, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Aberrant sialylation in cancer: From molecular mechanisms to potential therapeutics.Genes & diseases · 2026Review
- Dietary sialic acid intake and incident dementia: evidence from a large prospective cohort study.European journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Glycan-binding properties of SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins: interactions with aminoglycoside antibiotics.Scientific reports · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
During human evolution, some genes were lost or silenced from the genome of hominins. These missing genes might be the key to the evolution of humans' unique cognitive skills. An inactivation mutation in CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase (CMAH) was the result of natural selection. The inactivation of CMAH protected our ancestors from some pathogens and reduced the level of N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) in brain tissue. Interestingly, the low level of Neu5Gc promoted the development of brain tissue, which may have played a role in human evolution. As a xenoantigen, Neu5Gc may have been involved in brain evolution by affecting neural conduction, neuronal development, and aging.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.