Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39930450›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2025

Full title: prevalence and risk factors of overweight in Beijing infants basing generalized estimating equation: a longitudinal study.

Fang Ye, Jie Chen, Qin Hui, Die Liu, Qi Sun, Jing Liu, Qi Zhang

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07361211 (A Multifaceted Intervention to Reduce Obesity Among Preschool Children), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07361211 naactive not recruitingnot on this map

A Multifaceted Intervention to Reduce Obesity Among Preschool Children: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial in Suzhou City

TypeinterventionalSponsorSoochow UniversityRan2025 to 2032Enrolled1,486ConditionsChildren, Obesity & Overweight, InterventionArmsStudent-focused activities, Activities towards parents (providing a supportive family environment), Activities towards schools (providing a supportive school environment), Activities towards community (providing a supportive community environment), Policy
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Fang YeDepartment of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No.2,Yinghua East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China.
Jie ChenDepartment of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No.2,Yinghua East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China.
Qin HuiDepartment of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No.2,Yinghua East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China.
Die LiuDepartment of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No.2,Yinghua East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China.
Qi SunDepartment of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No.2,Yinghua East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China.
Jing LiuDepartment of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No.2,Yinghua East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China.
Qi ZhangDepartment of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No.2,Yinghua East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China. zhangqi0355@sina.com.

Funding

Clinical Research Project for the Construction of Research Wards in Beijin 2022-YIXBF-04-01-03the National Key Clinical Specialty Project of Pediatrics 2022-zdzk-001the Scientific Research Foundation of China-Japan Friendship Hospital 2019-RC-3
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity in China has been rapidly increasing in recent years. The purposes of this study were to investigate the prevalence of infant overweight in Beijing and to explore the influencing factors using a generalized estimating equation (GEE) model.

methodsThis is a birth cohort study from January 2022 to December 2022 in Beijing, involving 2,008 newborns from local residents. Four times of follow-up visits were conducted at 2, 5, 8, and 12 months of age for physical measurements and health information collection. Multiple exposures were considered, including demographic characteristics of infants, maternal pregnancy information, feeding pattern and outdoor activities of infants. The GEE model was utilized to identify influencing factors for infant overweight while adjusting for potential confounders.

resultsThe prevalence of overweight for 2-, 5-, 8-, and 12-month-old infants were 14.4%, 21.6%, 24.4%, and 24.2%, respectively. Among the influencing factors, irregular exercise during pregnancy (OR = 1.190, P = 0.045), mixed feeding or artificial feeding (non-exclusive breastfeeding) (OR = 1.233, P = 0.025), high birth weight (OR = 1.468, P < 0.001), and high pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) (OR = 2.113, P = 0.005) were positively correlated with infant overweight. Conversely, weight gain ≤ 15.0 kg during pregnancy (OR = 0.778, P = 0.016), high birth length (OR = 0.990, P = 0.003), and longer duration of outdoor activity for infants (OR = 0.764, P < 0.001) were negatively correlated with infant overweight.

conclusionsOur findings suggest certain factors are associated with infant overweight risk. Further research is required before making causal inferences and formulating preventive strategies for infant overweight.

Indexed as

OverweightPediatric ObesityBeijingBirth CohortBody Mass IndexFemaleHumansInfantInfant, NewbornLongitudinal StudiesMalePregnancyPrevalenceRisk FactorsChinaGeneralized estimating equationsInfantOverweight

Identifiers

PMID39930450
PMCPMC11812179

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.