Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39934307›Full record

ArticleSurgery today2025

Regional disparity in surgical residency training and work environment between urban and regional hospitals: an additional perspective from a nationwide survey of surgical residents.

Genki Watanabe, Jun Watanabe, Saki Hayashi, Takaaki Konishi, Saseem Poudel, Yoshiyuki Kiyasu, Masayuki Fukumoto, Takahiro Korai, Shinsuke Nomura, Naohiro Yamamoto and 3 more

Abstract readComparative Study
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In one paragraph

Article in Surgery today, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Genki WatanabeDepartment of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
Jun WatanabeDepartment of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan. m06105jw@jichi.ac.jp.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4477-4238
Saki HayashiDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan.
Takaaki KonishiDepartment of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Saseem PoudelDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery II, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
Yoshiyuki KiyasuDepartment of Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
Masayuki FukumotoDepartment of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.
Takahiro KoraiDepartment of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Science, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
Shinsuke NomuraHayamizu Park Clinic, Miyazaki, Japan.
Naohiro YamamotoDepartment of Surgery, Tokuyama Central Hospital, Yamaguchi, Japan.
Masao NakajimaDepartment of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Hospital, Yamaguchi, Japan.
Keiko HosoyaDepartment of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Tottori University Hospital, Tottori, Japan.
Mitsue SaitoDepartment of Breast Oncology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo investigate the current status of regional disparities in surgical residency training between urban and regional hospitals.

methodsBased on a nationwide online questionnaire survey of newly certified surgical trainees, the responding residents were divided into the following two groups according to the size of the city in which they had trained: the urban city group (UC group; population > 1 million) and the regional city group (RC group; population < 1 million. Surgical education and work environment of the two groups were compared.

resultsThe UC group (n = 317, 42%) was characterized by greater post-graduate experience, older age, a higher proportion of female surgeons, and a higher percentage of full-time working partners relative to the RC group (n = 439, 58%). More residents in the UC group were from urban areas, whereas the RC group had more residents from regional areas. No differences were observed in the number of surgeries performed, published papers, opportunities for off-the-job training, or satisfaction with the surgical residency training program. With the exception of higher income in the RC group, no differences were observed for other factors related to the work environment.

conclusionsThere was little regional disparity regarding the impressions of surgical residency training between urban and regional cities, including surgical education and work environment.

Indexed as

Education, Medical, GraduateGeneral SurgeryHospitalsHospitals, UrbanInternship and ResidencyWorkplaceAdultFemaleHumansMaleSurveys and QuestionnairesWorking ConditionsNationwide surveyRegional disparitySurgical residency training

Identifiers

PMID39934307

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.