Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39940343›Full record

ReviewNutrients2025

Unraveling the Connections: Eating Issues, Microbiome, and Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Natalia Tomaszek, Agata Dominika Urbaniak, Daniel Bałdyga, Kamila Chwesiuk, Stefan Modzelewski, Napoleon Waszkiewicz

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Nutrients, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Natalia TomaszekDepartment of Psychiatry, Medical University of Bialystok, pl. Wołodyjowskiego 2, 15-272 Białystok, Poland.
Agata Dominika UrbaniakDepartment of Psychiatry, Medical University of Bialystok, pl. Wołodyjowskiego 2, 15-272 Białystok, Poland.
Daniel BałdygaDepartment of Psychiatry, Medical University of Bialystok, pl. Wołodyjowskiego 2, 15-272 Białystok, Poland.
Kamila ChwesiukDepartment of Psychiatry, Medical University of Bialystok, pl. Wołodyjowskiego 2, 15-272 Białystok, Poland.
Stefan ModzelewskiDepartment of Psychiatry, Medical University of Bialystok, pl. Wołodyjowskiego 2, 15-272 Białystok, Poland.ORCID 0009-0001-2448-1190
Napoleon WaszkiewiczDepartment of Psychiatry, Medical University of Bialystok, pl. Wołodyjowskiego 2, 15-272 Białystok, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-7021-5133

Funding

Medical University of Bialystok B.SUB.25.445
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by challenges in social communication, restricted interests, and repetitive behaviors. It is also associated with a high prevalence of eating disorders, gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, and alterations in gut microbiota composition. One of the most pressing concerns is food selectivity. Various eating disorders, such as food neophobia, avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), specific dietary patterns, and poor-quality diets, are commonly observed in this population, often leading to nutrient deficiencies. Additionally, gastrointestinal problems in children with ASD are linked to imbalances in gut microbiota and immune system dysregulation. The aim of this narrative review is to identify previous associations between the gut-brain axis and gastrointestinal problems in ASD. We discuss the impact of the "microbiome-gut-brain axis", a bidirectional connection between gut microbiota and brain function, on the development and symptoms of ASD. In gastrointestinal problems associated with ASD, a 'vicious cycle' may play a significant role: ASD symptoms contribute to the prevalence of ARFID, which in turn leads to microbiota degradation, ultimately worsening ASD symptoms. Current data suggest a link between gastrointestinal problems in ASD and the microbiota, but the amount of evidence is limited. Further research is needed, targeting the correlation of a patient's microbiota status, dietary habits, and disease course.

Indexed as

Autism Spectrum DisorderFeeding and Eating DisordersFeeding BehaviorGastrointestinal DiseasesGastrointestinal MicrobiomeBrainBrain-Gut AxisChildDietHumansautism spectrum disorderavoidant/restrictive food intake disorderdietary interventionsdietary preferencesdysbiosiseating disordersfood selectivitygastrointestinal symptomsgut microbiotamicrobiome–gut–brain axis

Identifiers

PMID39940343
PMCPMC11819948

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.