Evidence mapPaperPMID 39940408Full record

SynthesisNutrients2025

Dietary Patterns, Oxidative Stress, and Early Inflammation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Comparing Mediterranean, Vegan, and Vegetarian Diets.

Sara Ilari, Stefania Proietti, Francesca Milani, Laura Vitiello, Carolina Muscoli, Patrizia Russo, Stefano Bonassi

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Nutrients, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Sara IlariDepartment of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, 00166 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-6756-6530
Stefania ProiettiAgea, Coordinating Body, 00185 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-9844-1482
Francesca MilaniDepartment of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, 00166 Rome, Italy.
Laura VitielloDepartment of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, 00166 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-0776-3601
Carolina MuscoliDepartment of Health Science, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-1047-4467
Patrizia RussoDepartment of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, 00166 Rome, Italy.
Stefano BonassiDepartment of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, 00166 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-3833-6717

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDietary habits influenced by lifestyle and cultural factors play a critical role in health by modulating oxidative stress and inflammation. While diets offer significant benefits, they may also pose risks, such as nutrient deficiencies, emphasizing the need for a balanced approach. Exploring Mediterranean and plant-based diet effects on oxidative stress and inflammation biomarkers may help improve health outcomes and disease prevention strategies.

methodsThis study analyzed 65 studies following PRISMA guidelines to evaluate the effects of Mediterranean and plant-based diets on biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation in healthy individuals.

resultsThe Mediterranean diet was weakly associated with reductions in oxidative stress markers, including MDA (ROM: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.57-1.13;

conclusionsAlthough all three diets demonstrate potential in reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, the antioxidant effects-especially for the Mediterranean diet-are lower than anticipated, indicating alternative mechanisms. Further research is essential to confirm these findings and clarify the underlying mechanisms to enhance preventive health strategies.

Indexed as

Diet, MediterraneanDiet, VeganDiet, VegetarianFeeding BehaviorInflammationOxidative StressAdultBiomarkersFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedBiomarkershealthy subjectinflammationMediterranean dietoxidative stressplant-based dietvegan dietvegetarian diet

Identifiers

PMID39940408
PMCPMC11819869

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.