Evidence mapPaperPMID 39942546Full record

ReviewMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2025

The HELP-UnaG Fusion Protein as a Bilirubin Biosensor: From Theory to Mature Technological Development.

Paola Sist, Ranieri Urbani, Federica Tramer, Antonella Bandiera, Sabina Passamonti

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Paola SistDepartment of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-1626-5081
Ranieri UrbaniDepartment of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-7802-3697
Federica TramerDepartment of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
Antonella BandieraDepartment of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-0376-9291
Sabina PassamontiDepartment of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-7876-4666

Funding

European Union NextGenerationEU (iNEST - Interconnected Nord-Est Innovation Ecosystem, ID ECS0000004-CUP J43C22000320006)
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

HUG is the HELP-UnaG recombinant fusion protein featuring the typical functions of both HELP and UnaG. In HUG, the HELP domain is a thermoresponsive human elastin-like polypeptide. It forms a shield enwrapping the UnaG domain that emits bilirubin-dependent fluorescence. Here, we recapitulate the technological development of this bifunctional synthetic protein from the theoretical background of its distinct protein moieties to the detailed characterization of its macromolecular and functional properties. These pieces of knowledge are the foundations for HUG production and application in the fluorometric analysis of bilirubin and its congeners, biliverdin and bilirubin glucuronide. These bile pigments are metabolites that arise from the catabolism of heme, the prosthetic group of cytochromes, hemoglobin and several other intracellular enzymes engaged in electron transfer, oxygen transport and protection against oxygen free radicals. The HUG assay is a powerful, user-friendly and affordable analytical tool that alone supports research at each level of complexity or taxonomy of living entities, from enzymology, cell biology and pathophysiology to veterinary and clinical sciences.

Indexed as

BilirubinBiosensing TechniquesElastinRecombinant Fusion ProteinsAnimalsHumansBilirubinElastinRecombinant Fusion ProteinsbilirubinHUGhuman elastin-like polypeptidesrecombinant fusion proteinstechnology readiness levelstranslational researchUnaG

Identifiers

PMID39942546
PMCPMC11820890

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.