Evidence mapPaperPMID 39947656Full record

ArticleInternational journal of epidemiology2024

Associations of fetal and postnatal growth trajectories with child cognition: the GUSTO cohort study.

Yi Ying Ong, Nicholas Beng Hui Ng, Navin Michael, Shirong Cai, Mya Thway Tint, Delicia Shu Qin Ooi, Ai Peng Tan, Kok Hian Tan, Lynette Shek, Fabian Yap and 10 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of epidemiology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Fetal size, gestational age, and cognitive performance at 5 years in term-born children: Four national cohorts' study.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Yi Ying OngDepartment of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0003-3072-765X
Nicholas Beng Hui NgDepartment of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Navin MichaelSingapore Institute for Clinical Science, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0002-6170-2108
Shirong CaiSingapore Institute for Clinical Science, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0002-0650-2234
Mya Thway TintSingapore Institute for Clinical Science, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore.
Delicia Shu Qin OoiDepartment of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0001-8677-0126
Ai Peng TanSingapore Institute for Clinical Science, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore.
Kok Hian TanOffice of Academic Medicine, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0003-1945-0266
Lynette ShekDepartment of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Fabian YapDivision of Paediatric Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0003-1083-7958
Yap Seng ChongSingapore Institute for Clinical Science, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0002-7232-8473
Johan Gunnar ErikssonSingapore Institute for Clinical Science, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0002-2516-2060
Shiao-Yng ChanSingapore Institute for Clinical Science, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore.
Birit F P BroekmanDepartment of Psychiatry, OLVG and Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health Institute, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Keith M GodfreyMRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.
Patricia Pelufo SilveiraDepartment of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Henning TiemeierDepartment of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-4395-1397
Evelyn C LawDepartment of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Izzuddin M ArisDivision of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-9239-7476
Yung Seng LeeDepartment of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0002-1253-0557

Funding

National Research Foundation
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundUsing longitudinal ultrasounds as an improved fetal growth marker, we aimed to investigate if increased postnatal growth following fetal abdominal circumference (AC) growth deceleration is associated with improved child cognition.

methodsAmong 797 term-born singletons in the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) cohort, we derived 2nd-3rd trimester fetal AC growth z-score, fetal AC growth deceleration, standardized height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) growth at early infancy (0-4 months), late infancy (4-15 months), toddlerhood (15-37 months), and early childhood (3-7 years), and investigated their associations with intelligence quotient (IQ) at ages 4.5 years (verbal, non-verbal) and 7 years (non-verbal-block design, matrix reasoning), adjusting for socio-demographic and biological confounders.

resultsAmong term-born newborns, 23.3% experienced fetal AC growth deceleration, which was associated with lower non-verbal IQ (4.5 years) [β (95% CI), -4.00 (-7.49, -0.51)]. Higher 0-7 years z-BMI gain was associated with lower non-verbal IQ (block design) (7 years) [-1.33 (-2.51, -0.14)]. Higher late infancy z-BMI gain was associated with higher verbal IQ (4.5 years) [3.36 (0.82,5.90)] but lower non-verbal IQ (matrix reasoning) (7 years) [-2.32 (-4.48, -0.17)]. Among those with fetal AC growth deceleration, higher 0-7 years z-weight gain was associated with lower non-verbal IQ (block design) (7 years) (P-interaction = .049); at z-weight gain of +2 standard deviation score (SDS), those with fetal AC growth deceleration had lower IQ [margins (95% CI), -2.6 (-7.1,1.9)]. On average, children with fetal AC growth deceleration caught up in z-height, z-weight, and z-BMI by 7 years.

conclusionFetal AC growth deceleration was associated with lower cognition scores at preschool age. Increased weight or BMI growth from 0-7 years following fetal AC growth deceleration might not be favorable to cognition among generally well-nourished term-born children.

Indexed as

Child DevelopmentCognitionFetal DevelopmentIntelligenceAdultBody Mass IndexChildChild, PreschoolCohort StudiesFemaleHumansInfantInfant, NewbornLongitudinal StudiesMalePregnancybody mass indexcognitiondevelopmental origins of health and diseaseearly childhoodfetal growthgrowth trajectoriesintelligenceneurodevelopmentpostnatal growthweight gain

Identifiers

PMID39947656
PMCPMC11825177

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.