Evidence mapPaperPMID 39947821Full record

ArticleBMJ open2025

Association between elevated serum REG Iα levels and eGFR decline in patients with chronic kidney disease: a cross-sectional study in eastern China.

Nan Huang, Xiangyun Zhu, Zhiyi Shu, Sheng Chen, Xiaodong Wu, Hui Wang, Xi Huang, Xiuxiu Hu, Jinfang Sun, Pingsheng Chen and 4 more

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Article in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Nan Huang *Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Xiangyun Zhu *Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Zhiyi Shu *Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Sheng ChenDepartment of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Xiaodong WuDepartment of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Hui WangDepartment of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Xi HuangDepartment of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Xiuxiu HuDepartment of Pathology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Jinfang SunKey Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Pingsheng ChenDepartment of Pathology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Rolf GrafDepartment of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Jianling BaiDepartment of Biostatistics, School of Public Heath, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China lingli@seu.edu.cn wangbinhewei@126.com baijianling@njmu.edu.cn.
Bin WangDepartment of Nephrology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China lingli@seu.edu.cn wangbinhewei@126.com baijianling@njmu.edu.cn.
Ling LiDepartment of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China lingli@seu.edu.cn wangbinhewei@126.com baijianling@njmu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0083-6978

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum regenerating protein Iα (REG Iα) levels and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of REG Iα in chronic kidney disease (CKD).

designThis is a cross-sectional study.

settingThe study was conducted in eastern China between August 2022 and August 2023.

participantsA total of 880 participants aged over 18 years were enrolled, with 220 non-CKD participants (111 males, 50.45%) and 660 patients with CKD (366 males, 55.45%). CKD was diagnosed based on the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) 2012 guidelines. Exclusion criteria included participation in other trials, acute kidney injury, end-stage kidney disease undergoing renal replacement therapy, pregnancy, active infections, gastrointestinal or pancreatic inflammation, history of gastrointestinal or pancreatic resections, cancer and mental disorders.

resultsSerum REG Iα was significantly higher in the CKD group (125.54 (60.28-303.39) ng/mL) compared with those in the non-CKD group (24.62 (14.09-37.32) ng/mL, p<0.001). Positive correlations were observed between serum REG Iα and serum creatinine, cystatin C (Cys-C), and kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1), while a negative correlation was identified with eGFR. After adjusting for sex, diabetes, hypertension and fasting blood glucose, the multivariate regression analysis demonstrated a significant association between serum REG Iα and eGFR (OR=1.737 (1.263-2.388), p=0.001). Furthermore, serum REG Iα levels increased progressively with declining kidney function categorised by eGFR (p<0.001). In CKD screening, serum REG Iα demonstrated strong diagnostic performance, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) of 0.860 (0.813-0.899), providing a sensitivity of 71.63%, a specificity of 86.89%, a positive predictive value of 94.30% and a negative predictive value of 46.85%. Additionally, serum REG Iα exhibited an AUC of 0.769 (0.712-0.819) for identifying high- and very-high-risk CKD based on KDIGO risk stratification. Its sensitivity significantly outperformed serum Cys-C and KIM-1 (82.80% vs 75.16% and 36.94%, respectively).

conclusionsThis study provided compelling evidence that serum REG Iα levels were notably elevated in patients with CKD and closely associated with kidney function. REG Iα may serve as a promising biomarker for CKD detection and risk stratification. CLINICAL

trial registrationThe study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Zhongda Hospital (approval number: 2022ZDSYLL204-P01) and conducted in compliance with the Helsinki Declaration. The clinical trial was registered under ChiCTR2300072247.

Indexed as

Glomerular Filtration RateLithostathineRenal Insufficiency, ChronicAdultAgedBiomarkersChinaCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedBiomarkersLithostathineREG1A protein, humanChronic DiseaseChronic renal failureCross-Sectional StudiesNephrology

Identifiers

PMID39947821
PMCPMC11831304

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.