Observational studyBritish journal of clinical pharmacology2025
Solanidine-derived CYP2D6 phenotyping elucidates phenoconversion in multimedicated geriatric patients.
Observational study in British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05247814 (Individual Patient Risk Profiles for Adverse Drug Reactions), which is not on this map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Individual Patient Risk Profiles for Adverse Drug Reactions: Establishing a Consecutive Research Cohort in an Interdisciplinary Polypharmacy Consultation Service of a Geriatric University Outpatient Department
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cognitive function in the context of pharmacogenetic CYP2D6 variability and anticholinergic burden in older adults - results from the ActiFE study.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Article
- Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Quantification of Diet-Derived CYP2D6 Biomarkers for Clinical Phenotyping in Japanese Subjects.Clinical and translational science · 2026Article
- Advanced Drug Delivery Strategies in Geriatric Patients with Polypharmacy: Integrating Pharmacokinetics, Personalized Medicine, and Emerging Technologies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Exploratory Evaluation of Solanidine as an Endogenous Marker for CYP2D6-Mediated Drug-Drug-Gene Interactions of Venlafaxine in Koreans.Clinical and translational science · 2026Article
- Pharmacokinetic recall study of Estonian Biobank participants with novel genetic variants in CYP2C19 and CYP2D6.NPJ genomic medicine · 2026Article
- Very strong correlations of metoprolol- and solanidine-derived metabolic ratios in a real-world cohort with a stable metoprolol drug regimen.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Effective Therapeutic Strategies to Prevent Frailty and Falls in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.Aging and disease · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
aimsPhenoconversion, a genotype-phenotype mismatch, challenges a successful implementation of personalized medicine. The aim of this study was to detect and determine phenoconversion using the solanidine metabolites 3,4-seco-solanidine-3,4-dioic acid (SSDA) and 4-OH-solanidine as diet-derived cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) biomarkers in a geriatric, multimorbid cohort with high levels of polypharmacy.
methodsBlood samples and data of geriatric, multimedicated patients were collected during physician counsel (CT: NCT05247814). Solanidine and its metabolites were determined via liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry and used for CYP2D6 phenotyping. CYP2D6 genotyping was performed and activity scores (AS) were assigned. Complete medication intake was assessed. A shift of the AS predicted via genotyping as measured by phenotyping was calculated.
resultsSolanidine and its metabolites were measured in 88 patients with complete documentation of drug use. Patients had a median age of 83 years (interquartile range [IQR] 77-87) and the majority (70.5%, n = 62) were female. Patients took a median of 15 (IQR 12-17) medications. The SSDA/solanidine metabolic ratio correlated significantly with the genotyping-derived AS (P < .001) and clearly detected poor metabolizers. In the model adjusted for age, sex, Charlson Comorbidity Index and estimated glomerular filtration rate each additional CYP2D6 substrate/inhibitor significantly lowered the expected AS by 0.53 (95% confidence interval 0.85-0.21) points in patients encoding functional CYP2D6 variants (R
conclusionsPhenotyping of CYP2D6 activity by measurement of diet-derived biomarkers elucidates phenoconversion in geriatric patients. These results might serve as a prerequisite for the validation and establishment of a bedside method to measure CYP2D6 activity in multimorbid patients for successful application of personalized drug prescribing.
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