Evidence mapPaperPMID 39960956Full record

SynthesisMedicine2025

Long-term effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in kidney functions: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Yanqun Zheng, Jia Sun

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Yanqun ZhengDepartment of Nephrology, The First People's Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou, China.
Jia Sun

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors (such as dapagliflozin, empagliflozin, and canagliflozin) are essential for the treatment of type 2 diabetes because they improve the urine excretion of glucose. Although there are advantages, including weight loss and enhanced heart health, caution is necessary because of possible negative effects, such as higher urine output and euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis. They may slow chronic kidney disease progression, therefore, renal function must be monitored. This study aims to determine the efficacy of SGLT2 inhibitors in the prevention of renal deterioration in terms of reduction of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in patients with compromised renal functions.

methodsThis study aimed to document the long-term effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on kidney function. PubMed and Google Scholar were the key sources of scholarly publications, and Boolean operators were used to perform exact searches. Nine articles were considered relevant out of a total of 244, following extensive screening of titles, abstracts, and full texts according to PRISMA recommendations.

resultsThis study included randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials evaluating the long-term effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on renal function across patient demographics and locations. Clinical investigations showed different effects on eGFR across control and study groups, suggesting renal protection. A meta-analysis showed that SGLT2 inhibitors enhanced kidney function more than the controls.

conclusionThis meta-analysis concluded that SGLT2 inhibitors have the potential to prevent eGFR reduction and improve renal function in patients with compromised renal function and underlying conditions such as chronic kidney disease or type 1 and 2 diabetes. However, this meta-analysis showed beneficial results in the prevention of renal deterioration within several follow-up periods, with an average of 11 to 12 months.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2KidneySodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsBenzhydryl CompoundsCanagliflozinGlomerular Filtration RateGlucosidesHumansRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicRenal Insufficiency, ChronicBenzhydryl CompoundsCanagliflozindapagliflozinempagliflozinGlucosidesSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID39960956
PMCPMC11835073

What Socratic holds

Texttitle and abstract
LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.