Evidence mapPaperPMID 39963121Full record

ArticleFrontiers in public health2024

Real-world cost-effectiveness of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir as treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Belgian setting with omicron variant.

Sophie Marbaix, Steven Simoens, Philippe Clevenbergh, Pascal Van Bleyenbergh, Keliane Liberman, Dimitri Dehenau

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Sophie MarbaixHealth Economics, SNB Management, Soignies, Belgium.
Steven SimoensDepartment of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Philippe ClevenberghHead of Infectious Diseases Department, CHU Brugmann, Brussels, Belgium.
Pascal Van BleyenberghHead of Pneumology Department, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Keliane LibermanMedical Department, Pfizer, Brussels, Belgium.
Dimitri DehenauAccess and Value Department, Pfizer, Brussels, Belgium.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir is an oral treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients who are at high risk of developing severe COVID-19 disease. This antiviral has proven to significantly reduce the risk of hospitalization and death compared to no anti-SARS-CoV-2 treatment in this target population. This paper aims to assess the cost-effectiveness of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir in Belgium using real-world evidence. Methods: A static decision tree model was developed to capture the health progression of patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Outcomes were expressed in Quality Adjusted-Life Years (QALYs), hospitalizations, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admissions, deaths and Long Covid cases, derived from epidemiological data over the first full year of the Omicron variant's circulation (2022). Costs were calculated for the year 2023 from the healthcare payer's perspective. Extensive sensitivity analyses were conducted to test the robustness of the cost-effectiveness results. Results: In a cohort of 1,000 patients, treatment with nirmatrelvir-ritonavir is projected to save 95 QALYs and €82,658 compared to no anti-SARS-CoV-2 treatment over a lifetime horizon. These savings primarily stem from the reduction in hospitalizations among vulnerable patients who typically require a longer recovery time. The analysis also indicates 5 fewer ICU admissions and 8 fewer premature deaths per 1,000 infected patients. Conclusion: In the context of Omicron SARS-CoV-2 infection, administering nirmatrelvir-ritonavir to patients at high risk of severe disease improves health outcomes and reduces costs. Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir is 100% likely to be cost-effective at a willingness to pay of €2,000 per QALY.

Indexed as

Antiviral AgentsCost-Benefit AnalysisCOVID-19COVID-19 Drug TreatmentOxadiazolesRitonavirBelgiumFemaleHospitalizationHumansLactamsLeucineMaleMiddle AgedNitrilesProlineAntiviral AgentsLactamsLeucinenirmatrelvirNitrilesOxadiazolesProlineRitonavirantiviral treatmentBelgiumcost-utilityhigh-risk personsSARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID39963121
PMCPMC11830672

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.