ReviewPhysiological reviews2025
The pathogenesis of cerebral small vessel disease and vascular cognitive impairment.
Review in Physiological reviews, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Chinese medicine interventions for cerebral small vessel disease-related cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Anti-obesity medications and cognitive disorder risk: a discrepancy between RCTs and real-world evidence.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Risk prediction models for cognitive impairment in patients with cerebral small vessel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- Visit-to-Visit Blood Pressure Variability and Cerebral White Matter Lesion Progression: A Pooled Individual Patient Data Analysis of 2 Trials.Neurology · 2026Trial
- Review
- Silent brain infarction is associated with executive dysfunction in community-dwelling older adults: the Sefuri-Yoshinogari study.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Article
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Defined Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Burden and Longitudinal Neuropsychiatric and Functional Recovery After Stroke: A Prospective Cohort Study.Neurology international · 2026Article
- Citronellal Alleviates Cognitive Impairment by Inhibiting NHE1-Mediated Mitochondrial Damage in Vascular Dementia.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Cerebral Intramural Cells: A Missing Cellular Link Between Vascular Aging and Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Sleep apnea in REM sleep as an amplifier of vascular contributions to Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Review
- Article
- Pericyte KNature cardiovascular research · 2026Article
- A balancing act keeps the brain fed.Nature cardiovascular research · 2026Article
- Plasma proteomics of cerebrovascular disease, cognitive decline, and clinical outcomes.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Pentoxifylline targets TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling to ameliorate neuroinflammation and metabolic dysfunction in a rat model of chronic hypoperfusion-induced vascular cognitive impairment.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Article
- Multimodal MRI assessment of cerebral small vessel disease-related brain injury in the context of unilateral severe carotid artery stenosis.Neuroradiology · 2026Article
- Optical coherence tomography angiography in cerebral small vessel disease: a review.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Review
- Sex-Specific Blood Pressure and Brain Microvascular Traits in a Model of Low-Renin Hypertension.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2026Article
- Cerebral small vessel disease and cognition in older adults across the neurodegenerative spectrum: insights from the COMPASS-ND study.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Brain endothelial GαEBioMedicine · 2026Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) is the broadly accepted term nowadays to designate a heterogeneous group of diseases caused by in situ damage of small brain vessels commonly related to aging, hypertension, or genetic factors. Cardinal neuroimaging features include small (<20 mm) infarcts or lacunes, cerebral microbleeds, white matter hyperintensities, enlarged perivascular spaces, and brain atrophy. Overall, cSVD represents one of the major problems facing global society today, causing a quarter of all ischemic strokes and the vast majority of spontaneous hemorrhages and accounting for 20% or more of all dementias. Yet mechanisms of cSVD are still incompletely understood, and we have no effective proven treatments other than risk factor modification. Recently, major progress in understanding the underlying disease mechanisms has occurred thanks to novel approaches including advanced molecular, genetic, and imaging tools. Here, we provide a comprehensive and critical appraisal of the biggest advances in our understanding of how cSVD affects the structure and function of small brain vessels, causes brain lesions, and alters cognition. To set the stage, we begin by reviewing the molecular anatomy and physiology of healthy small brain vessels and report on the milestones from the medical literature, starting in the 1850s, that have laid the foundation for the "modern" definition of cSVD. We conclude by discussing the framework for clinical interventions that will emerge from these novel insights. We also highlight the outstanding questions to address and challenges to tackle to move the field forward.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.