ArticleGut pathogens2025
Gut microbiota dysbiosis and associated immune response in systemic lupus erythematosus: impact of disease and treatment.
Article in Gut pathogens, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Gut metaproteomics reveals activated arginine catabolism and impaired arginine biosynthesis in systemic lupus erythematosus.mSystems · 2026Article
- The Metabolic Calibration of Female Immune Plasticity: From X-Linked Vulnerability to Precision Metabotyping.Biology · 2026Review
- Disease-specific crosstalk of Alistipes with lipoprotein profiles in overweight individuals at high cardiometabolic risk.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The landscape of cellular immune alteration in systemic lupus erythematosus.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Accelerated immunosenescence in SLE: current evidence and clinical translation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Immunopathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Interplay of Innate and Adaptive Immunity, Microbiome Dysbiosis, and Emerging Therapeutic Targets.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2025Review
- Gut Microbiome and Immune System Crosstalk in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases: A Narrative Review of Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Gut microbiota and metabolism in systemic lupus erythematosus: from dysbiosis to targeted interventions.European journal of medical research · 2025Review
- The Anti-Lupus Plate: Mapping Nutritional Interventions to Inflammatory Pathways in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Food science & nutrition · 2025Review
- Antibiotic-induced gut dysbiosis: unraveling the gut-heart axis and its impact on cardiovascular health.Molecular biology reports · 2025Review
- Innovations in immunotherapy for autoimmune diseases: recent breakthroughs and future directions.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
backgroundGut microbial dysbiosis and leaky gut play a role in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Geographical location and dietary habits affect the microbiome composition in diverse populations. This study explored the gut microbiome dysbiosis, leaky gut, and systemic immune response to gut bacterial consortium in patients with SLE exhibiting mild/moderate and severe disease activity.
methodsFecal and blood samples were collected from patients with SLE and healthy volunteers. Genomic DNA was extracted from the stool samples and subjected to 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and microbiome profiling. Additionally, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were employed to determine the serum lipopolysaccharide level, as an assessment of gut permeability, and the systemic immune response against gut bacteria.
resultsPatients with SLE showed significantly lower gut bacterial richness and diversity, indicated by observed OTUs (56.6 vs. 74.44; p = 0.0289), Shannon (3.05 vs. 3.45; p = 0.017) and Simpson indices (0.91 vs. 0.94; p = 0.033). A lower Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio (1.07 vs. 1.69; p = 0.01) was observed, with reduced genera such as Ruminococcus 2 (0.003 vs. 0.026; p = 0.0009) and Agathobacter (0.003 vs. 0.012; p < 0.0001) and elevated Escherichia-Shigella (0.04 vs. 0.006; p < 0.0001) and Bacteroides (0.206 vs. 0.094; p = 0.033). Disease severity was associated with a higher relative abundance of Prevotella (0.001 vs. 0.0001; p = 0.04). Medication effects included lower Romboutsia (0.0009 vs. 0.011; p = 0.005) with azathioprine and higher Prevotella (0.003 vs. 0.0002; p = 0.038) with cyclophosphamide. Furthermore, categorization by prednisolone dosage revealed significantly higher relative abundances of Slackia (0.0007 vs. 0.00002; p = 0.0088), Romboutsia (0.009 vs. 0.002; p = 0.0366), and Comamonas (0.002 vs. 0.00007; p = 0.0249) in patients receiving high-dose prednisolone (> 10 mg/day). No differences in serum lipopolysaccharide levels were found, but SLE patients exhibited elevated serum gut bacterial antibody levels, suggesting a systemic immune response.
conclusionThis study confirms the gut microbiome dysbiosis in patients with SLE, influenced by disease severity and specific medication usage.
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