Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39967737›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2025

Age-related immune response disparities between adults and children with severe COVID-19: a case-control study in China.

Hongliang Chen, Yuan Li, Liping Yuan, Fen Liu, Qian Sun, Qingkai Luo, Yefei Lei, Yinglan Hou, Jiayan Li, Liang Cai and 1 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Hongliang Chen *Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Yuan Li *Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Liping Yuan *Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Fen LiuDepartment of Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, China.
Qian SunDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Qingkai LuoDepartment of Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, China.
Yefei LeiDepartment of Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, China.
Yinglan HouDepartment of Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, China.
Jiayan LiDepartment of Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, China.
Liang CaiHunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hunan, China.
Shixing TangDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Elucidation of immune response differences is critical for uncovering underlying mechanisms and developing potential intervention measures among adults and children with COVID-19. Methods: In this retrospective study, we analyzed serum biochemical markers and cytokine profiles among adults and children with COVID-19 in the First People's Hospital of Chenzhou in Hunan, China from 1 December 2022 to 13 February 2023. A case-control study was conducted using propensity score matching (PSM) to mitigate possible confounding factors. Results: The significant differences observed included lymphocyte exhaustion, an increased neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NEU/LYM) ratio, high levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), and a cytokine storm, characterized by high levels of Th1 proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8, interferon type I (IFN- Conclusion: Significant differences in immune responses between adults and children with COVID-19 highlight the different mechanisms and potential intervention measures of COVID-19.

Indexed as

case–control studyCOVID-19cytokinecytokine storminflammatory response

Identifiers

PMID39967737
PMCPMC11832681

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.