ArticleJournal of diabetes2025
Iron-Deficiency Anemia Elevates Risk of Diabetic Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Article in Journal of diabetes, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Relationship between hemoglobin levels and diabetic retinopathy in Chinese type 2 diabetes mellitus populations: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Urinary Ferritin as an Early Indicator of Tubular Injury in Diabetic Kidney Disease: Insights from NHANES and Clinical Cohorts.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThis study aims to explore the link between iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and assess the safety of iron supplementation. It also investigates key mechanisms and molecules involved in iron deficiency's role in disease development.
methodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on 1,398 T2DM patients using propensity score matching to identify risk factors for DKD. Mendelian randomization (MR) was used to explore causal relationships between IDA, iron supplementation, liver iron content, and DKD. The GSE27999 dataset was analyzed to examine how an iron-deficient diet affects kidney-related gene expression. Key pathways and molecules were identified through GSEA, GO/KEGG, and PPI analysis.
resultsRetrospective data showed a correlation between hemoglobin levels and DKD risk. Logistic regression confirmed that IDA increased DKD risk independently of other factors. MR revealed a causal link between IDA and DKD, with no significant effect from iron supplementation. GSE27999 analysis identified 580 differentially expressed genes, enriched in pathways like cytokine signaling, oxidative biology, and small molecule transport. PPI analysis highlighted 10 key hub genes, including Cyp2d26 and Fgf4.
conclusionIDA increases susceptibility to DKD, possibly through oxidative stress and altered small molecule transport. However, iron supplementation does not appear to increase the risk of DKD.
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Registered trials
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