Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39969990›Full record

Trial reportJournal of medical Internet research2025

Retracted: Evaluating the Clinical Efficacy of an Exergame-Based Training Program for Enhancing Physical and Cognitive Functions in Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Residing in Rural Long-Term Care Facilities: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Aoyu Li, Wei Qiang, Jingwen Li, Yan Geng, Yan Qiang, Juanjuan Zhao

Retracted Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled TrialRetracted Publication
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of medical Internet research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. It is linked to trial NCT06717971 (Evaluating the Clinical Effectiveness of an Exergame-Based Training Program Using "WarioWare), which is not on this map. Cited by 9 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06717971 nacompletednot on this map

Evaluating the Clinical Effectiveness of an Exergame-Based Training Program Using "WarioWare: Move It!" to Enhance Physical and Cognitive Function in Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia in Rural Long-Term Care Facilities: A Randomized Controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorAoyu LiRan2023 to 2024Enrolled232ConditionsAlzheimer&#39, s DiseaseArmsExergame-based multicomponent training program., Standard care
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Aoyu LiSchool of Software, Taiyuan University of Technology, Jingzhong, China.ORCID 0000-0001-5249-9964
Wei QiangInstitute of Software, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China.ORCID 0009-0009-9554-1531
Jingwen LiSchool of Computer Science, Xijing University, Xi'an, China.ORCID 0009-0001-7991-6622
Yan GengClinical Laboratory and Geriatric, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, China.ORCID 0009-0006-5626-2925
Yan QiangSchool of Software, North University of China, Taiyuan, China.ORCID 0000-0001-6231-3721
Juanjuan ZhaoSchool of Software, Taiyuan University of Technology, Jingzhong, China.ORCID 0009-0001-4684-8897

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCognitive impairment is an important public health challenge among older adults, particularly in long-term care facilities (LTCFs), where prevalence is higher due to staffing shortages, limited resources, and difficulty maintaining structured exercise programs. Furthermore, older adults often lose interest in repetitive interventions. The exergame "WarioWare: Move It!" (Nintendo) offers a novel solution by combining aerobic exercise, motor coordination, balance training, and cognitive engagement into an immersive experience.

objectiveThis study aimed to assess the clinical efficacy of an exergame-based training program delivered via "WarioWare: Move It!" in improving physical flexibility, joint range of motion, motor coordination, hand dexterity, and cognitive function in older adults living in LTCFs.

methodsThe training program was conducted across multiple rural LTCFs in Shanxi Province, China. Participants were randomly assigned to the intervention or control group. The intervention protocol encompassed two 60-minute sessions per week over 12 weeks, using motion-sensing exercises such as waving, jumping, arm swinging, rotational movements, and object-mimicking postures with Joy-Con controllers. Primary outcome measures were derived through clinical tests, including the sit and reach test, shoulder flexibility test, trunk rotation flexibility test, shoulder and elbow range of motion, figure-of-8 walk test, standing balance test, hand dexterity test, and cognitive function tests. Statistical analysis was performed using mixed ANOVA, with time as the within-participant factor and intervention group as the between-participant factor, to assess the training effects on the various outcome measures.

resultsA total of 232 participants were recruited, including 32 (13.8%) patients with mild dementia, 18 (7.8%) with moderate dementia, and 182 (78.4%) with mild cognitive impairment, all of whom completed the study. The mixed ANOVA revealed significant group × time interactions across multiple physical flexibility assessments, including the remaining distance between the hands and toes during the forward bend (F

conclusionsThe "WarioWare: Move It!" intervention significantly improved physical flexibility, joint range of motion, motor coordination, hand dexterity, and cognitive function among older adults with mild cognitive impairment or dementia residing in rural LTCFs. The intervention offers an innovative and feasible approach for promoting the health of older adults in resource-limited settings, demonstrating its potential for widespread application in diverse low-resource environments.

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT06717971; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06717971.

Indexed as

CognitionCognitive DysfunctionDementiaExercise TherapyVideo GamesAgedAged, 80 and overChinaExerciseFemaleHumansLong-Term CareMaleRural Populationdementiaexergamelong-term care facilitiesmild cognitive impairmentmulticomponent training

Identifiers

PMID39969990
PMCPMC11888014

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.