Evidence mapPaperPMID 39971900Full record

ReviewNature communications2025

Drug repurposing for Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders.

Jeffrey L Cummings, Yadi Zhou, Alexandra Van Stone, Davis Cammann, Reina Tonegawa-Kuji, Jorge Fonseca, Feixiong Cheng

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. A phase 1, safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics study of bisnorcymserine, a highly selective inhibitor of butyrylcholinesterase.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026
    Trial
  2. Article
  3. Repurposing trazodone for Alzheimer's disease to modulate soluble ST2 levels and alleviate Alzheimer's pathology.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Jeffrey L CummingsChambers-Grundy Center for Transformative Neuroscience, Department of Brain Health, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV), Las Vegas, NV, 89106, USA. jcummings@cnsinnovations.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8944-4158
Yadi ZhouGenomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, 44195, USA.
Alexandra Van StoneRoseman University of Health Sciences, Las Vegas, NV, 89135, USA.
Davis CammannNevada Institute of Personalized Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas (UNLV), Las Vegas, NV, USA.
Reina Tonegawa-KujiGenomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, 44195, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7998-939X
Jorge FonsecaHoward R Hughes College of Engineering, Department of Computer Science, University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV), Las Vegas, NV, 89154, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7917-5169
Feixiong ChengGenomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, 44195, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1736-2847

Funding

Dark GPCR signaling underlying the Microbiome-Gut-Brain Axis for Alzheimer's Disease and Related DementiaRF1NS133812 · NINDS · CLEVELAND CLINIC LERNER COM-CWRU · PI Jonathan Mark Brown, Feixiong Cheng · 2023 to 2023
$2.3M
Renewal of Centers of Biomedical Research Excellence (COBRE) (Phase 2) CNTN - ResubmissionP20GM109025 · CLEVELAND CLINIC FOUNDATION · 2025 to 2025
$1.0M
Characterize neuronal and glial cell-specific vulnerability to proteinopathies in Alzheimer's disease using multimodal single-nuclei genomic and epigenomic approachesR01AG082118 · CLEVELAND CLINIC LERNER COM-CWRU · 2025 to 2025
$783k
TREM2 Genotype-Informed Drug Repurposing and Combination Therapy Design for Alzheimer’s DiseaseR01AG076448 · CLEVELAND CLINIC LERNER COM-CWRU · 2025 to 2025
$781k
Alzheimer's MultiOme Data Repurposing: Artificial Intelligence, Network Medicine, and Therapeutics DiscoveryU01AG073323 · CLEVELAND CLINIC LERNER COM-CWRU · 2025 to 2025
$781k
Endophenotype Network-based Approaches to Prediction and Population-based Validation of in Silico Drug Repurposing for Alzheimer’s DiseaseR01AG066707 · NIA · CLEVELAND CLINIC LERNER COM-CWRU · PI Feixiong Cheng · 2022 to 2022
$771k
Alzheimer's Clinical Trial InnOvatioN (ACTION) InitiativeR35AG071476 · UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA LAS VEGAS · 2025 to 2025
$560k
Microglial Activation and Inflammatory Endophenotypes Underlying Sex Differences of Alzheimer’s DiseaseR01AG084250 · CLEVELAND CLINIC LERNER COM-CWRU · 2025 to 2025
$538k
Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias Innovation Incubator (InnovaTor)R25AG083721 · UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA LAS VEGAS · 2025 to 2025
$255k
Alzheimer's Association ALZDISCOVERY-1051936NIA NIH HHS R01 AG066707NIA NIH HHS R01 AG076448NIA NIH HHS R01 AG082118NIA NIH HHS R01 AG084250NIA NIH HHS R21 AG083003NIA NIH HHS R25 AG083721NIA NIH HHS R35 AG071476NIA NIH HHS R56 AG074001NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG082211NIA NIH HHS U01 AG073323NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM109025NINDS NIH HHS RF1 NS133812U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) P20GM109025U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) RF1NS133812U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging) R35AG71476; R25 AG083721-01;
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Repurposed drugs provide a rich source of potential therapies for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative disorders (NDD). Repurposed drugs have information from non-clinical studies, phase 1 dosing, and safety and tolerability data collected with the original indication. Computational approaches, "omic" studies, drug databases, and electronic medical records help identify candidate therapies. Generic repurposed agents lack intellectual property protection and are rarely advanced to late-stage trials for AD/NDD. In this review we define repurposing, describe the advantages and challenges of repurposing, offer strategies for overcoming the obstacles, and describe the key contributions of repurposing to the drug development ecosystem.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseDrug RepositioningNeurodegenerative DiseasesDrug DevelopmentHumans

Identifiers

PMID39971900
PMCPMC11840136

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.