Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39977013›Full record

SynthesisAmerican journal of hypertension2025

Elevated Blood Pressure and Cardiac Mechanics in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Andrea Faggiano, Elisa Gherbesi, Carla Sala, Stefano Carugo, Guido Grassi, Cesare Cuspidi, Marijana Tadic

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in American journal of hypertension, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Andrea FaggianoDepartment of Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Diseases, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-3247-3203
Elisa GherbesiDepartment of Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Diseases, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy.
Carla SalaDepartment of Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Diseases, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy.
Stefano CarugoDepartment of Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Diseases, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy.
Guido GrassiDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy.
Cesare CuspidiDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-7689-478X
Marijana TadicUniversity Heart Center Ulm, University Ulm, Ulm, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-6235-5152

Funding

Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionEvidence on left ventricular (LV) mechanics, assessed by speckle tracking echocardiography (STE), in children and adolescents with elevated blood pressure (BP)/hypertension is scanty.

aimThe aim of the present meta-analysis was to provide an updated information on LV systolic function phenotyped by global longitudinal strain (GLS) and LV ejection fraction (LVEF) in the setting of pediatric hypertension.

methodsSystematic searches were conducted across bibliographic databases (Pub-Med, OVID, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library) to identify eligible studies from inception up to 30 November 2024. Studies reporting data on LV mechanics in pediatric hypertension and controls were included. The statistical difference of the echocardiographic variables of interest between groups such as LVEF and GLS was calculated by standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) using random-effects models.

resultsEight studies including 719 individuals with elevated BP/hypertension and 1,653 age-matched healthy controls were considered for the analysis. Pooled average LVEF values were 72.4 ± 1.6% in the healthy control group and 72.5 ± 1.8% in the elevated BP/hypertensive group (SMD: 0.08 ± 0.15, CI: -0.21/0.36, P = 0.60); the corresponding values of GLS were -19.6 ± 1.1% and 18.5 ± 0.9% (SMD: -0.96 ± 0.25, CI: -1.46/-0.47, P < 0.0001). A parallel impairment of global circumferential strain emerged from pooled data of three studies (SMD: -0.96 ± 0.25, CI: -1.46/-0.47, P < 0.0001).

conclusionsOur data suggest that LVEF is unable to detect early alterations in systolic function in pediatric hypertension, and the implementation of STE may be highly useful in unmasking systolic dysfunction in this setting.

Indexed as

Blood PressureHypertensionStroke VolumeVentricular Dysfunction, LeftVentricular Function, LeftAdolescentAge FactorsChildEchocardiographyFemaleHumansMaleblood pressureglobal longitudinal strainhypertensionleft ventricular ejection fractionpediatric hypertensionsystolic function

Identifiers

PMID39977013
PMCPMC12080464

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.