Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39977576›Full record

SynthesisEuropean journal of public health2025

Social inequalities in the effects of school-based well-being interventions: a systematic review.

Eetu Haataja, Heidi Leppä, Mikko Huhtiniemi, Rozenn Nedelec, Tiina Soini, Timo Jaakkola, Mika Niemelä, Tuija Tammelin, Marko Kantomaa

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in European journal of public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Eetu HaatajaResearch Unit of Population Health (PopH), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Heidi LeppäLIKES, Jamk University of Applied Sciences, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Mikko HuhtiniemiFaculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Rozenn NedelecResearch Unit of Population Health (PopH), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Tiina SoiniFaculty of Education and Culture, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
Timo JaakkolaFaculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Mika NiemeläResearch Unit of Population Health (PopH), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Tuija TammelinLIKES, Jamk University of Applied Sciences, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Marko KantomaaResearch Unit of Population Health (PopH), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.

Funding

EU's Horizon Europe 101080250EU's Horizon Europe research and innovation 101080250OBCTResearch Council of Finland 352509SchoolWellStrategic Research Council
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Rising public concern about comprehensive child and adolescent well-being has led to the development of school-based interventions with the potential for high-reaching and effective support. While some interventions have shown effectiveness, limited understanding exists regarding how social inequalities are considered and evidenced in such interventions. This study examines how social inequalities are considered in universal school-based interventions and their potential to affect inequalities through differential effects. A systematic review following the PRISMA protocol was conducted using the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Scopus, ProQuest and APA PsycArticles. Studies published between 2014 and 2023 were included. Screening and data extraction were conducted independently by two researchers. Of 10 028 initial articles, 44 were included in the final analysis. These studies primarily involved physical activity and mindfulness interventions in schools. Despite many studies including information regarding students' social backgrounds, such as socioeconomic position and immigrant background, the analysis of differential intervention effects among demographic groups was limited and mostly based on sex. Most differential effect analyses showed no significant differences based on social background, and no clear differences were found based on intervention type. While some universal school-based interventions show promise in reducing social inequalities in students' well-being, more empirical research is needed to explicitly target these questions. This review highlights the critical need for comprehensive intervention studies to consider and report relevant dimensions of social background and their interactions with intervention effects.

trial registrationPROSPERO; registration no. CRD42023423448.

Indexed as

Health PromotionHealth Status DisparitiesSchool Health ServicesSchoolsSocioeconomic FactorsStudentsAdolescentChildExerciseFemaleHumansMale

Identifiers

PMID39977576
PMCPMC11967906

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.