Evidence mapPaperPMID 39987306Full record

SynthesisDrugs & aging2025

Safety and Efficacy of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors in Older Adults with Variable Disease States: A Meta-analysis of Large Placebo-Controlled Trials.

Syeda Ayesha Shah, Hasan Mushahid, Ali Salman, Syed Husain Farhan, Fakhar Latif, Rabbia Siddiqi, Abdulqadir J Nashwan, Dmitry Abramov, Abdul Mannan Khan Minhas

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In one paragraph

Synthesis in Drugs & aging, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Syeda Ayesha ShahDepartment of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Baba-e-Urdu Road, Karachi, 74200, Pakistan.
Hasan MushahidDepartment of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Baba-e-Urdu Road, Karachi, 74200, Pakistan.
Ali SalmanDepartment of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Baba-e-Urdu Road, Karachi, 74200, Pakistan.
Syed Husain FarhanDepartment of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Baba-e-Urdu Road, Karachi, 74200, Pakistan.
Fakhar LatifDepartment of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Baba-e-Urdu Road, Karachi, 74200, Pakistan. fakhar.latif21@dmc.duhs.edu.pk.ORCID 0000-0002-1509-2214
Rabbia SiddiqiDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA.
Abdulqadir J NashwanNursing and Midwifery Research Department (NMRD), Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
Dmitry AbramovDivision of Cardiovascular Medicine, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
Abdul Mannan Khan MinhasSection of Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRecent guidelines recommend the use of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors (SGLT2i) in patients suffering from cardiorenal diseases. However, the safety and efficacy of SGLT2i in older adults with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), heart failure (HF), and chronic kidney disease (CKD) remain unclear.

methodsOnline databases were queried from inception to 11 July 2023 to identify primary or secondary analyses for inclusion. Efficacy outcomes included all-cause mortality, cardiovascular (CV) death, hospitalization for heart failure (HHF), major adverse cardiac events (MACE), CV death/HHF composite, and cardiorenal composite events. Safety endpoints included acute kidney injury (AKI), serious adverse events, genital infections, limb amputation, fractures, urinary tract infections (UTI), and volume depletion. Data were pooled using a random-effects model to derive risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

resultsEight trials with 32,541 older adults identified in primary or secondary analyses were included. In older adults, SGLT2i reduced the risk of all-cause mortality (RR 0.88; 95% CI 0.83- 0.95), CV death (RR 0.82; 95% CI 0.74-0.92), HHF (RR 0.72; 95% CI 0.66-0.79), MACE (RR 0.87; 95% CI 0.77-0.99), CV death/HHF composite (RR 0.78; 95% CI 0.70-0.88), and cardiorenal composite events (RR 0.77; 95% CI 0.70-0.85). For safety endpoints, SGLT2i decreased the risk of serious adverse events (RR 0.92; 95% CI 0.89-0.95) and increased the risk of genital infections (RR 3.48; 95% CI 2.58-4.69).

conclusionsThis analysis of randomized trials demonstrates that SGLT2i are efficacious in older adults. However, since older individuals are often underrepresented in most clinical trials, further research targeting this growing demographic is essential.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesHeart FailureRenal Insufficiency, ChronicSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsAgedHumansRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors

Identifiers

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.