Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39987406›Full record

ArticleArchives of dermatological research2025

The effects of immune cell phenotypes and plasma metabolomes on diabetic foot ulcer: a Mendelian randomization study and mediation analysis.

Zehao Niu, Libin Mao, Liu Han, Jun Niu, Xuhui Zhang, Guoxing Wei

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In one paragraph

Article in Archives of dermatological research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Zehao NiuDepartment of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The 83 Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.
Libin MaoDepartment of Outpatient, The 83 Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.
Liu HanDepartment of Plastic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Jun NiuDepartment of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The 83 Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.
Xuhui ZhangDepartment of Orthopedics, The 83 Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China. zhangxuhui83hosp@163.com.
Guoxing WeiDepartment of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The 83 Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China. wgx3710@163.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study investigates the causal relationships between plasma metabolites, immune cell phenotypes, and diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). A Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted, which included 731 immune cell phenotypes, 1400 metabolites, and DFU. The primary analytical approach was the inverse variance-weighted method. Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess heterogeneity and pleiotropy, and MR analyses in the reverse direction were conducted to examine the possibility of reverse causation. In addition, a mediation analysis was performed to reveal how metabolites mediate the impact of immune cells on DFU. Through MR, reverse MR and sensitivity analysis, the casualty was found in 17 immune cell phenotypes and 18 metabolites. A total of 15 mediating relationships were identified through mediation analysis, including 9 metabolites and 10 immune cell phenotypes. Among them, the highest mediation proportion was citrulline levels mediating CD24

Indexed as

Diabetic FootMetabolomeHumansMediation AnalysisMendelian Randomization AnalysisPhenotypeDiabetic foot ulcerImmune cellsMediation analysisMendelian randomizationMetabolites

Identifiers

PMID39987406

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.