ArticleThe Korean journal of internal medicine2025
Increased risk of dementia in patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome: a nationwide population-based cohort study.
Article in The Korean journal of internal medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Risk of cognitive disorders in patients with primary Sjögren's disease: data from Korean Health Insurance Service.RMD open · 2026Article
- Does physical activity reduce cardiovascular risk associated with knee osteoarthritis in type 2 diabetes? A nationwide cohort study.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2026Article
- Cognitive Impairment in Sjögren's Disease: Unmasking Alzheimer's Through CSF Biomarkers. A Case Report.Clinical case reports · 2026Article
- Diagnostic concordance and added value of doppler ultrasound and extended histopathologic features in primary Sjögren disease.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- A Review of the Current Clinical Aspects of Sjögren's Disease: Geographical Difference, Classification/Diagnostic Criteria, Recent Advancements in Diagnostic Methods, and Molecular Targeted Therapy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
aimsThis nationwide cohort study aimed to evaluate (1) whether primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS) can contribute to the development of dementia and (2) whether the use of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) can decrease the incidence of dementia in patients with pSS using the Health Insurance Review and Assessment database.
methodsWe established a cohort between 2008 and 2020 of 20,160 patients with pSS without a history of dementia. The control group comprised sex- and age-matched individuals with no history of autoimmune disease or dementia. Cox proportional hazard analyses were performed to identify the association between pSS and dementia development. We also assessed the hazard ratio (HR) of dementia in early users of HCQ (within 180 days of the diagnosis of pSS) compared to non-users, adjusted for age, sex, and comorbidities.
resultsThe incidence of dementia was 0.68 (95% CI 0.64-0.72) cases per 100 person-years in pSS, and it was 0.58 (0.56-0.60) in the controls. The adjusted HR (aHR) of developing dementia was 1.16 (1.09-1.25) times greater in the pSS group than in the controls. The risk of dementia did not increase in HCQ users (aHR 1.07 [0.94-1.21]), but HCQ non-users had a 1.22 (1.12-1.33) higher risk of developing dementia than the matched controls. The use of HCQ lowered the risk of dementia in comparison with non-users in patients with pSS (aHR 0.82 [0.71-0.94]).
conclusionOur results suggest that pSS is associated with an increased risk of dementia. HCQ may prevent dementia in patients with pSS.
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