Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39994626›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2025

Predictors of hearing screening among residents of Saudi Arabia at primary healthcare settings in Riyadh: useful insights from a cross-sectional survey.

Ibtehaj F Alshdoukhi, Mamdouh M Shubair, Ashraf El-Metwally, Rasha Abdullah Alhazzaa, Faris Fatani, Ali Alshehri, Aljohrah Ibrahim Saleh Aldubikhi, Lama Mohammad Alomari, Nouf Binhowaimel, Hanan M Al Kadri

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Ibtehaj F AlshdoukhiDepartment of Basic Sciences, College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Science, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Mamdouh M ShubairSchool of Health Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia (UNBC), 3333 University Way, Prince George, BC, V2N 4Z9, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4758-072X
Ashraf El-MetwallyKing Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Elmetwally.ashraf@outlook.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5575-0077
Rasha Abdullah AlhazzaaKing Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4346-2646
Faris FataniRiyadh Second Health Cluster, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9453-5000
Ali AlshehriKing Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Aljohrah Ibrahim Saleh AldubikhiSaudi Electronic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Lama Mohammad AlomariConsultant of Emergency Medicine at King Saud Medical City (KSMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9043-2071
Nouf BinhowaimelRiyadh Second Health Cluster, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4771-7730
Hanan M Al KadriKing Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3417-6253

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDespite the significant prevalence of hearing impairment and the devastating impact on the quality of life, screening patterns regarding hearing loss in adults are significantly reduced. It is necessary to identify the proportion of residents of Saudi Arabia which undergo for hearing screening and identify predictors of hearing loss. Therefore, we conducted this study to identify predictors of the hearing screening among residents of Saudi Arabia.

methodsA cross-sectional study was undertaken, and an electronic questionnaire was administered to 14,239 patients who visited primary health care centers. Primary health care centers were selected using a random sampling technique. Data was collected on hearing screening and other sociodemographic and behavioural factors along with other co-morbidities. We performed multiple logistic regressions to identify predictors that were significantly associated with hearing screening. We performed analysis using SPSS version 26.0 for Windows and reported adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% CIs.

resultsThe sample consisted of 43.4% males and 65.3% married participants. Only 5.9% of the study participants reported going for hearing screening. Age (AOR: 1.01; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.02); higher education level (AOR: 2.46; 95% CI: 1.55, 3.92), full time employment (AOR: 1.36; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.75), part time employment (AOR: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.22, 1.94), good health status (AOR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.17, 1.96), and Diabetes Mellitus (AOR: 1.37; 95% CI: 1.08, 1.72) were found to be strong predictors of hearing screening among residents of Saudi Arabia in Riyadh.

conclusionWe found a very low prevalence of hearing screening among residents of Saudi Arabia. Older age, educated, employed, people with good status health, and diabetic individuals were more likely to go for hearing screening. Health literacy sessions need to be carried out to raise awareness among residents of Saudi Arabia and more robust epidemiological studies need to be carried out to explore the reasons of low hearing screening in this population.

Indexed as

Hearing LossHearing TestsMass ScreeningPrimary Health CareAdolescentAdultAgedCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSaudi ArabiaSurveys and QuestionnairesYoung AdultHearing screeningPredictorsResidents of Saudi ArabiaSaudi RiyadhSurvey

Identifiers

PMID39994626
PMCPMC11854117

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.