Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39996205›Full record

ArticleCureus2025

Hypertensive Diabetic Patients: Casual Pulse Pressure and Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (ABPM) as Superior Predictors of Future Cardiovascular Events.

Inês S Pinheiro, Adriana Pacheco, Simão Carvalho, Tiago Aguiar, José Mesquita Bastos

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Inês S PinheiroInternal Medicine, Unidade Local de Saúde da Região de Aveiro, Aveiro, PRT.
Adriana PachecoInternal Medicine, Unidade Local de Saúde da Região de Aveiro, Aveiro, PRT.
Simão CarvalhoInternal Medicine, Unidade Local de Saúde da Região de Aveiro, Aveiro, PRT.
Tiago AguiarInternal Medicine, Unidade Local de Saúde da Região de Aveiro, Aveiro, PRT.
José Mesquita BastosCardiology, Unidade Local de Saúde da Região de Aveiro, Aveiro, PRT.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hypertensive (HTN) patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at an increased risk of adverse survival outcomes compared to non-diabetic individuals. This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the prognostic significance of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) in a subgroup of diabetic patients. A total of 823 HTN patients, followed since 1994 at a hospital (follow-up: 11.8 ± 5.6 years), were included in the study. These patients underwent ABPM using a SpaceLabs 90207 device (SpaceLabs Healthcare, Snoqualmie, WA, USA) during a normal working day. Data from both the ABPM and office blood pressure (BP) values, as well as cardiovascular risk factors, were analysed. The patients were divided into two groups: diabetic (n = 240) and non-diabetic (n = 583). Data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 25 (Released 2017; IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Our study showed that HTN patients with T2DM experienced more severe cardiovascular events (χ² = 25.34, p < 0.001), heart failure (χ² = 27.7, p < 0.001), and mortality (χ² = 11.8, p < 0.01). Also, they had elevated pulse pressure (PP) values (analysed either as a continuous variable or using a 60-mmHg cut-off within ABPM values), which were associated with worse survival outcomes. In the analysis of HTN phenotypes, the presence of resistant hypertension (RH) was significantly higher in the diabetic group (χ² = 8.14, p < 0.05), which is associated with poorer survival. Despite the growing body of research, there are currently no studies in the literature using ABPM data specifically in diabetic patients. These data could offer valuable insights into the BP patterns of these patients, helping to define the most effective therapeutic strategies.

Indexed as

ambulatory blood pressure monitoringcardiovascular eventsdiabeteshypertensionpulse pressure

Identifiers

PMID39996205
PMCPMC11849757

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.