Evidence mapPaperPMID 40000975Full record

SynthesisBMC pediatrics2025

Renal disorders in Autoimmune Polyendocrinopathy Candidiasis Ectodermal dystrophy (APECED): a systematic review.

Mohammadreza Shafiei, Solale Hosseini, Soodeh Ghadimi, Mahbubeh Mirzaee, Mohammadamin Keikhah, Nastaran Ardalan, Masoumeh Mohkam, Mehrdad Tamiji, Mahnaz Jamee

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMC pediatrics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Mohammadreza ShafieiStudent Research Committee, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran. Mohammadrezashafiei.md@gmail.com.
Solale HosseiniStudent Research Committee, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
Soodeh GhadimiSchool of Medicine, Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mahbubeh MirzaeePediatric Nephrology Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mohammadamin KeikhahStudent Research Committee, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
Nastaran ArdalanStudent Research Committee, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
Masoumeh MohkamPediatric Nephrology Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mehrdad TamijiDepartment of Computer Science, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
Mahnaz JameePediatric Nephrology Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAutoimmune polyendocrinopathy candidiasis ectodermal dystrophy (APECED), also known as autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I (APS-I) is an inborn error of immunity (IEI) with an immune dysregulation phenotype, mainly characterized by endocrine and non-endocrine manifestations including adrenal insufficiency, chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, and ectodermal dystrophy. Renal disorders seem to be a significant morbidity in APECED patients, requiring further investigations.

methodsThe literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases using relevant keywords, and included articles were systematically reviewed regarding the clinical and immunological features. APECED patients with at least one nephrological complication were included.

resultsNinety-three APECED patients from 30 studies were identified. More than half of the patients (38,52%) presented nephrocalcinosis. The second and third most prevalent renal complications were tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) (23,31%), and hypertension (13,18%), respectively. Other less frequent renal disorders including renal tubular acidosis (RTA) glomerulonephritis were also reported among patients. Additionally urinary tract infections (UTI), were also common among cases (15,20.5%).

conclusionsRenal complications in APECED represent a significant issue that should be monitored and considered in managing these patients to preserve renal function and improve patients' outcomes.

Indexed as

Kidney DiseasesPolyendocrinopathies, AutoimmuneChildHumansHypertensionNephritis, InterstitialAIREAPECEDAutoimmune polyendocrinopathyInborn error of immunityNephrocalcinosisPrimary immunodeficiency

Identifiers

PMID40000975
PMCPMC11863426

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.