Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40001003›Full record

ArticleBMC primary care2025

Perspectives of primary care nurses on the organization of the COVID-19 vaccine rollout: a qualitative study.

Rhiannon Lyons, Maria Mathews, Lindsay Hedden, Julia Lukewich, Emily Gard Marshall, Jennifer E Isenor, Jamie Wickett, Emilie Dufour, Leslie Meredith, Dana Ryan and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC primary care, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Rhiannon LyonsDepartment of Family Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada.
Maria MathewsDepartment of Family Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada. maria.mathews@schulich.uwo.ca.
Lindsay HeddenFaculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada.
Julia LukewichFaculty of Nursing, Memorial University, 300 Prince Philip Drive, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada.
Emily Gard MarshallDepartment of Family Medicine Primary Care Research Unit, Dalhousie University, 1465 Brenton Street, Suite 402, Halifax, NS, B3J 3T4, Canada.
Jennifer E IsenorCollege of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, 5968 College Street, Halifax, NS, B3H 1X7, Canada.
Jamie WickettDepartment of Family Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada.
Emilie DufourDepartment of Family Medicine Primary Care Research Unit, Dalhousie University, 1465 Brenton Street, Suite 402, Halifax, NS, B3J 3T4, Canada.
Leslie MeredithDepartment of Family Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada.
Dana RyanDepartment of Family Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada.
Sarah SpencerFaculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada.
Crystal VaughanFaculty of Nursing, Memorial University, 300 Prince Philip Drive, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada.
Cheryl CusackCollege of Nursing, University of Manitoba, 99 Curry Place, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2M6, Canada.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPrimary care nurses, including nurse practitioners (NPs), registered nurses (RNs), and licensed practical nurses/registered practical nurses (LPNs/RPNs), play a pivotal role in pandemic management and outbreak planning. There is extensive literature surrounding COVID-19 vaccination efforts in Canada; however, limited research addresses the involvement of primary care nurses, as well as the organization and integration of these efforts into primary care settings. This study aimed to describe the organizational challenges, barriers, and facilitators to primary care nurses' roles in COVID-19 vaccination.

methodsAs part of a mixed methods case study, we conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews with primary care nurses employed in regions across four Canadian provinces: British Columbia, Ontario, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland and Labrador. During the interviews, nurses described their activities throughout different phases of the COVID-19 pandemic, factors that facilitated or impeded their efforts, and potential contributions nurses could have made. We applied a thematic analysis approach and analyzed codes related to the organization of the COVID-19 vaccination rollout.

resultsWe interviewed 76 nurses (24 NPs, 37 RNs, and 15 LPNs/RPNs) between May 2022 and January 2023. We identified five overarching components of the COVID-19 vaccination rollout that influenced primary care nurses' perceptions and experiences: (1) information, (2) training, (3) coordination, (4) integration, and (5) compensation. Participants reported both positive and negative experiences with the vaccine rollout. Rapidly evolving information made it difficult for nurses to stay informed and training for vaccine delivery posed barriers due to time requirements and redundancy. Support was often lacking for new electronic systems, and regional coordination varied, sometimes resulting in miscommunication. Delays in integrating vaccination into primary care, logistical challenges, and disparities in compensation between nurses and physicians also presented challenges.

conclusionsFindings highlight the critical roles of primary care nurses in mass vaccination campaigns, underscoring the need for targeted information, effective training, streamlined coordination, better integration into primary care, and more equitable compensation. Integrating these services into primary care can enhance future vaccination efforts by leveraging nurses' expertise to improve vaccine access and delivery.

Indexed as

COVID-19COVID-19 VaccinesNurse's RolePrimary Care NursingAdultAttitude of Health PersonnelCanadaFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrimary Health CareQualitative ResearchSARS-CoV-2COVID-19 VaccinesCOVID-19NursingPandemic preparednessPrimary careQualitative researchVaccination

Identifiers

PMID40001003
PMCPMC11863444

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.