Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40007461›Full record

SynthesisDiabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association2025

Diabetes self-management education and support delivered by mobile health (mHealth) interventions for adults with type 2 diabetes-A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Anke Versluis, Anne Meike Boels, Maaike C G Huijden, Manon D Mijnsbergen, Guy E H M Rutten, Rimke C Vos

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Anke VersluisDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care/ Health Campus The Hague, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Anne Meike BoelsJulius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Maaike C G HuijdenDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care/ Health Campus The Hague, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Manon D MijnsbergenDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care/ Health Campus The Hague, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Guy E H M RuttenJulius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Rimke C VosDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care/ Health Campus The Hague, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1074-6255

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDiabetes self-management education (DSME) and support (DSME/S) delivered via mobile health (mHealth) is potentially cost-effective, if proven effective.

objectivesTo assess the effectiveness of DSME, DSMS or DSME/S delivered by mHealth interventions compared to usual care (UC) or attention placebo control (APC) in adults with type 2 diabetes.

methodsWe searched (1) MEDLINE, (2) Embase, (3) PsycINFO, (4) Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials via the Cochrane Register of Studies Online, (5) ClinicalTrials.gov, and (6) World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform from the year 2000 to January 31, 2023. We included RCTs comparing DSME/S delivered via mHealth versus UC or APC. Four authors independently selected trials, assessed risk of bias and extracted data. Primary outcome was HbA1c, outher outcomes secundairy. Meta-analysed with random-effects model was used.

resultsWe included 43 trials involving 9328 participants; sample sizes ranging from 20 to 1119. Pooled effects on HbA1c were for DSME: mean difference (MD) of -4 mmol/mol (-0.3%), 95% CI -6 mmol/mol (-0.6%) to -1 mmol/mol (-0.1); p = 0.002; DSMS MD -4 mmol/mol (-0.4%), 95% CI 7 mmol/mol (-0.6%) to -2 mmol/mol (-0.2); p < 0.001; and DSME/S MD of -2 mmol/mol (-0.2%) for HbA1c, 95% CI -3 mmol/mol (-0.3%) to -0 mmol/mol (-0.0%); p < 0.001. We found uncertain effects on other outcomes.

conclusionsmHealth interventions delivering self management education with or without support to adults with type 2 diabetes appear to have a modest beneficial effect on HbA1c. Only a few trials investigated patient-reported outcomes.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Patient Education as TopicSelf-ManagementTelemedicineAdultGlycated HemoglobinHumansRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicGlycated Hemoglobinadultseducationmeta‐analysismHealthself‐managementsupporttype 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID40007461
PMCPMC12006561

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.