Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40014379›Full record

ReviewMicrobiology (Reading, England)2025

100+ years of phase variation: the premier bacterial bet-hedging phenomenon.

Christopher D Bayliss, Jack L Clark, Marjan W van der Woude

Abstract readReviewHistorical Article
In one paragraph

Review in Microbiology (Reading, England), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. A programmed reset mechanism primesScience advances · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Journal of bacteriology · 2026
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Christopher D BaylissDepartment of Genetics, Genomics and Cancer Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Jack L ClarkDepartment of Genetics, Genomics and Cancer Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Marjan W van der WoudeHull York Medical School and the York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, York, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Stochastic, reversible switches in the expression of

Indexed as

BacteriaFlagellaSalmonellaBacterial ProteinsDNA, BacterialGene Expression Regulation, BacterialHistory, 20th CenturyHistory, 21st CenturyBacterial ProteinsDNA, Bacterialbistabilitycontingency lociinstabilitylocalised hypermutationphase variationphasevarionphasome

Identifiers

PMID40014379
PMCPMC11868660

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.