Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40015592›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of ophthalmology2025

The Effect of Semaglutide and GLP-1 RAs on Risk of Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy.

Nadia J Abbass, Raya Nahlawi, Jacqueline K Shaia, Kevin C Allan, David C Kaelber, Katherine E Talcott, Rishi P Singh

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of ophthalmology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Semaglutide and risk of Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (NAION) in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Nadia J AbbassFrom the Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine (N.J.A., R.N., J.K.S.), Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Center for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics (N.J.A., R.N., J.K.S., K.E.T., R.P.S.), Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Raya NahlawiFrom the Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine (N.J.A., R.N., J.K.S.), Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Center for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics (N.J.A., R.N., J.K.S., K.E.T., R.P.S.), Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Jacqueline K ShaiaFrom the Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine (N.J.A., R.N., J.K.S.), Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Center for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics (N.J.A., R.N., J.K.S., K.E.T., R.P.S.), Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Kevin C AllanCleveland Clinic Cole Eye Institute (K.C.A., K.E.T., R.P.S.), Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
David C KaelberDepartments of Internal Medicine, Pediatrics and Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University (D.C.K.), Cleveland, Ohio, USA; The Center for Clinical Informatics Research and Education (D.C.K.), The MetroHealth System, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Katherine E TalcottCenter for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics (N.J.A., R.N., J.K.S., K.E.T., R.P.S.), Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University (K.E.T., R.P.S.), Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Cleveland Clinic Cole Eye Institute (K.C.A., K.E.T., R.P.S.), Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Rishi P SinghCenter for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics (N.J.A., R.N., J.K.S., K.E.T., R.P.S.), Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University (K.E.T., R.P.S.), Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Cleveland Clinic Cole Eye Institute (K.C.A., K.E.T., R.P.S.), Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Cleveland Clinic Martin Hospitals (R.P.S.), Cleveland Clinic Florida, Stuart, Florida, USA. Electronic address: singhr@ccf.org.

Funding

Clinical and Translational Science Collaborative of ClevelandUL1TR002548 · NCATS · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI MCCOMSEY, GRACE A · 2018 to 2022
$35.5M
Clinical and Translational Science Collaborative of Northern Ohio, Catalyzing Linkages to Equity in Health (CLE Health)UM1TR004528 · NCATS · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI GRACE A MCCOMSEY · 2023 to 2026
$32.1M
RESOURCE/SERVICE CORE C - MOLECULAR INFORMATICS MODULEP30EY025585 · NEI · CLEVELAND CLINIC LERNER COM-CWRU · PI BELA ANAND-APTE · 2016 to 2026
$7.7M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002548NCATS NIH HHS UM1 TR004528NEI NIH HHS P30 EY025585
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThe association between GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) and nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) remains unclear. Given the debilitating sequelae of NAION and rapid increase of GLP-1RA use, further research is essential to investigate this potential relationship. This study seeks to determine the risk of NAION and ischemic optic neuropathy (ION) in patients prescribed GLP-1RAs.

designRetrospective matched cohort study.

settingTriNetX United States collaborative network.

participantsPatients ≥12 years old with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and considered overweight or obese (high BMI), with at least one ophthalmology or neurology visit. Among T2DM patients, approximately 120,000 patients with a semaglutide prescription and 220,000 prescribed any GLP-1RA were compared to matched T2DM controls. Among high BMI patients, approximately 58,000 on semaglutide and 66,000 on any GLP-1RA were compared to matched controls.

methodsPatients prescribed semaglutide or any GLP-1RA were compared with those on non-GLP-1RA medications. Populations were propensity matched (1:1) on various demographic and risk factors to balance baseline cohorts. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Cumulative incidence and risk of NAION and ION. Risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported, with significance defined as CI <0.9 or > 1.1.

resultsIn T2DM patients prescribed semaglutide, the risk of NAION (RR = 0.7, 95% CI: 0.523-0.937) and ION (RR = 0.788, 95% CI: 0.609-1.102) after 5 years was not significantly increased compared to matched T2DM controls. Similarly, T2DM patients on any GLP-1RA demonstrated no significant difference in the risk of NAION (RR = 0.887, 95% CI: 0.735-1.071) or ION (RR = 0.969, 95% CI: 0.813-1.154) compared to controls. Furthermore, no increased risk of either outcome was found in the high BMI groups prescribed semaglutide or any GLP-1RA. The cumulative 5-year risk of NAION and ION in T2DM patients on semaglutide was 0.065% and 0.08%, respectively. In those with high BMI prescribed semaglutide, the risk of NAION and ION after 2 years was 0.038% and 0.404%, respectively.

conclusionsThere was no significant increase in risk of NAION or ION in patients taking semaglutide or GLP-1RAs compared to T2DM or high BMI controls.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsGlucagon-Like PeptidesHypoglycemic AgentsOptic Neuropathy, IschemicAdultAgedBody Mass IndexFemaleGlucagon-Like Peptide 1HumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsGlucagon-Like Peptide 1Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsGlucagon-Like PeptidesHypoglycemic AgentsSemaglutide

Identifiers

PMID40015592
PMCPMC13110070

What Socratic holds

Texttitle and abstract
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.