ArticleInfectious diseases of poverty2025
Prevalence and risk factors of acute respiratory infection and diarrhea among children under 5 years old in low-middle wealth household, Indonesia.
Article in Infectious diseases of poverty, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Factors Associated with Acute Lower Respiratory Infections in Children Under Five at a Peruvian Emergency Hospital.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Household Water and Sanitation Practices and Their Association With Diarrheal and Acute Respiratory Infections Among Children Under Five in Ghana: A Cross-Sectional Predictive Model and Spatial Analysis.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Determinants of diarrhea and acute respiratory infection among under-five children in urban-rural Somalia: a nationally representative cross-sectional study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Article
- Trends and inequalities in acute respiratory tract infections in Indonesia: an application of the World Health Organization's Health Equity Assessment Toolkit.Tropical medicine and health · 2026Article
- Multilevel modeling and mediation analysis of acute respiratory infections among under five children in Bangladesh: evidence from multiple indicator cluster survey.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Regional variations and determinants of acute respiratory infection in Ethiopian children under five years: a multilevel analysis.Tropical medicine and health · 2026Article
- Infectious Diseases in Children: Diagnosing the Impact of Climate Change-Related Disasters Using Integer-Valued Autoregressive Models with Overdispersion.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Prevalence of ARI, fever, and diarrhea among under-five children and the influencing factors in southwestern coastal region of Bangladesh.BMC public health · 2025Article
- The comorbidities of diarrhea and acute respiratory tract infection and risk factors among under-five children in 45 low- and middle-income countries.Scientific reports · 2025Article
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Abstract
backgroundAcute respiratory infection (ARI) and diarrhea remain critical public health concerns. In Indonesia, various interventions have been implemented to reduce the prevalence of ARIs and diarrhea among children in low- and middle-income households. Hence, the absence of detailed data on the prevalence of ARIs and diarrhea among children under five in low- and middle-income households in Indonesia restricts the formulation of targeted health interventions and policies. This study sought to evaluate the prevalence of ARI and diarrhea while examining modifiable risk factors related to malnutrition, sanitation, and social protection characteristics in Indonesia.
methodsThis study utilized a cross-sectional design based on data from the Nutrition Status Survey 2022 covering 514 districts/cities in Indonesia. It analyzed 289,631 children under five years out of 334,848 households with low and middle wealth indices. Multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was employed to calculate the risk associated with cases of ARI and diarrhea.
resultsThe prevalence of ARI and diarrhea among low- and middle-wealth households were 5.7% and 6.0%, respectively, with infants under six months being the most vulnerable group to these infections, including malnutrition. The most significant risk factors for ARI and diarrhea are unclean cooking fuel [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.53, 95% CI 1.47-1.60] and shared toilet facilities (aOR = 1.45, 95% CI 1.38-1.51), with households using shared toilets having 1.45 times higher risk of diarrhea (aOR = 1.45, 95% CI 1.38-1.51) compared to those with private access. Additionally, households lacking social protection support are also at increased risk for these infections and malnutrition issues.
conclusionsThis study revealed a notable prevalence of ARI and diarrhea among low- and middle-wealth households, particularly affecting infants under six months. Vulnerable children, especially those who were stunted or underweight, and households lacking sanitation and social protection faced heightened risks for these health issues.
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