ArticleBiomedical reports2025
High serum levels of soluble PD‑1 and PD‑L1 are associated with advanced clinical stages in patients with cervical cancer.
Article in Biomedical reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The potential of soluble programmed cell death-ligand 1 and soluble programmed cell death 1 as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis.Irish journal of medical science · 2025Pooled it
- Prognostic and clinicopathological value of soluble programmed cell death ligand-1 (sPD-L1) in patients with colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis.World journal of surgical oncology · 2025Pooled it
- The interplay of the lncRNA AFAP1-AS1 and the soluble immune checkpoint proteins sPD-1/sPD-L1 in breast cancer: tumor-immune cross-talk.Bioscience reports · 2026Article
- A systemic immune signature stratifies early-stage breast cancer patients and reveals soluble IL-2RA and PD-1 as potential independent prognostic biomarkers.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2026Article
- Neuroimmune Mechanisms in Traumatic Brain Injury and Cancer: Parallel Courses or Existence in Different Orbits.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- The role of programmed cell death 1 in autoimmune diseases: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Structural and temporal dynamics analysis of PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma: History, research hotspots, and emerging trends.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The binding of programmed cell death receptor-ligand 1 (PD-L1) to programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibits T-cell activation, playing a negative role in the anticancer immune response. The soluble forms of these proteins, found in blood circulation, have recently received increasing attention and their function in the cancer immune response remains unclear. The present study evaluated the serum levels of soluble (s)PD-1 and sPD-L1 in patients with cervical cancer and healthy controls, and their associations with clinicopathological characteristics and clinical outcomes. The serum concentrations of both soluble proteins were determined via ELISA. The concentrations of sPD-1 and sPD-L1 were higher in patients with cervical cancer and advanced clinical stages. The evaluation of sPD-1 and clinical outcome revealed higher levels in deceased patients than in total remission patients. sPD-1 and sPD-L1 concentrations were moderately positively correlated; however, in patients with clinical stage IV disease, a very strong correlation was observed. sPD-1 and sPD-L1 could be used as potential diagnostic biomarkers for patients with cervical cancer. Considering the higher levels in advanced clinical stages, their role in cervical cancer progression or treatment response must be explored.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.