ArticleBMJ public health2024
Decomposing rural-urban differences in depression prevalence: a cross-sectional analysis of two community-based southern Indian cohorts.
Article in BMJ public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Prevalence of depression among rural older adults in Asia: a meta-analysis of observational studies.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Depression is a growing public health concern in India but its prevalence is uneven across the country, possibly influenced by several sociodemographic factors. We aimed to assess the rural-urban disparity in the prevalence of depression and their associated sociodemographic and lifestyle-related factors. Methods: Participants were middle-aged and older adults (≥45 years) from two parallel, prospective cohorts from rural (CBR-SANSCOG, n=4493) and urban (CBR-TLSA, n=972) southern India. We used cross-sectional data from the baseline clinical and biochemical assessments of the above two cohorts. The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-30) was used to screen for depression (cut-off ≥10). Logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between place of residence (rural vs urban) and prevalence of depression, adjusting for age, sex, education, income, marital status, Body Mass Index (BMI), alcohol use, tobacco use and number of comorbidities. The Fairlie decomposition analysis was used to decompose the rural-urban disparity. Results: We found that the prevalence of depression was significantly higher in rural than in urban participants (14.49% vs 8.23%, p<0.001). The fully adjusted binary logistic regression model showed that rural-dwelling individuals were 1.57 times more likely to have depression than urban residents (AOR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.03, 2.39). In the decomposition analysis, the variables included in this model (age, sex, education, income, marital status, BMI, alcohol use, tobacco use and number of comorbidities) explained 35.21% of the rural-urban disparity in the prevalence of depression, with sex and marital status being the significant contributors. Conclusion: Participants in our rural cohort had significantly higher odds for depression as compared to their urban counterparts, with sociodemographic factors playing a key role in this disparity. This underscores the need for scaling up mental health services in the rural communities of India including training primary healthcare providers to promptly identify and manage depression.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.