ArticleBMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation2025
The effectiveness of functional inspiratory muscle training on exercise capacity and peripheral muscle strength in patients with essential hypertension: a three-arm randomized controlled trial.
Article in BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effect of Functional Inspiratory Muscle Training on Exercise Capacity, Peripheral Muscle Strength in Patients With Hypertension
Early Effects of Different Inspiratory Muscle Training on Disease Clinical Course, Respiratory Parameters, Functional Capacity and Quality of Life in Patients With COPD
Comparison of the Effects of Chest PNF Techniques and Chest Mobility Exercises on Respiratory Function, Chest Expansion, and Functional Capacity in University Students With Smoking Addiction: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Study
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Effects of Inspiratory Muscle Training on Diaphragm Thickness, Respiratory Muscle Strength, Balance, and Core Stability in Professional Dancers: A Randomized Controlled Trial.European journal of sport science · 2026Trial
- Does the choice of inspiratory muscle training modality affect respiratory and peripheral muscle function in chronic kidney disease?International urology and nephrology · 2026Article
- Respiratory Muscle Training Combinations in Amateur Runners: A Randomized Trial of Pulmonary Function, Respiratory Muscle Strength, and Exercise Capacity.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe effect of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) applied along with function in Hypertension (HT) patients is uncertain. In this study, it was to determine the effectiveness of functional IMT (F-IMT) on functional lower and upper exercise capacity, mobility, peripheral and respiratory muscle strength, blood pressure, fatigue, physical activity, and quality of life (HRQoL) in HT patients.
methodsProspective, randomized controlled, assessor-blinded, parallel three-armed trial. Forty-five patients with HT were divided into F-IMT group (IMT with 50% maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP)/4 weeks + exercise and IMT with 50% MIP/4 weeks, n = 15), IMT group (MIP 50%, n = 15) and control group (CG, breathing exercises, n = 15). 6-min walking test (6-MWT), 6-min pegboard ring test (6PBRT), 1-min sit to stand test (1STS), mobility, peripheral muscle strength, MIP, maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), systolic& diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP), fatigue, physical activity, and HRQoL were evaluated before and after 8 weeks of training.
resultsIncreases in 6-MWT were higher in F-IMT (p < 0.001). 6PBRT, 1STS, quadriceps femoris strength were improved and SBP reduced in F-IMT and IMT than CG (p < 0.001). Mobility, handgrip, HRQoL, and physical activity level increased within groups (p < 0.05). MIP increased within F-IMT and IMT; MEP, fatigue, DBP improved only within F-IMT (p < 0.05).
conclusionsF-IMT is more effective in enhancing exercise capacity, reducing fatigue and DBP, and improving MEP. Both IMT and F-IMT show similar benefits for upper extremity exercise capacity, quadriceps femoris strength, SBP, and MIP. Mobility, HRQoL, and physical activity levels are increased with F-IMT, IMT, and breathing exercises.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT06343246 (03/29/2024).
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.