Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40028175›Full record

ArticleSchizophrenia research. Cognition2025

Gender differences in cognitive performance among young adults with first-episode schizophrenia in China.

NingJing Sang, YiMin Fan, HaiYing Chen, HuiRu Cui, YanYan Wei, XiaoChen Tang, LiHua Xu, Yi Mei, JiJun Wang, TianHong Zhang

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Schizophrenia research. Cognition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

NingJing SangShanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Psychological Evaluation and Intervention, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai 200030, PR China.
YiMin FanShanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Psychological Evaluation and Intervention, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai 200030, PR China.
HaiYing ChenShanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Psychological Evaluation and Intervention, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai 200030, PR China.
HuiRu CuiShanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Psychological Evaluation and Intervention, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai 200030, PR China.
YanYan WeiShanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Psychological Evaluation and Intervention, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai 200030, PR China.
XiaoChen TangShanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Psychological Evaluation and Intervention, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai 200030, PR China.
LiHua XuShanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Psychological Evaluation and Intervention, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai 200030, PR China.
Yi MeiShanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Psychological Evaluation and Intervention, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai 200030, PR China.
JiJun WangShanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Psychological Evaluation and Intervention, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai 200030, PR China.
TianHong ZhangShanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Psychological Evaluation and Intervention, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai 200030, PR China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Individuals with schizophrenia exhibit distinctive patterns of cognitive impairments, which pose difficulties in patients' everyday functionality and reduce patients' quality of life. Previous research suggests that many demographic variables, such as gender and age, influence the cognitive performance profiles of schizophrenia patients; however, the gender differences in neurocognitive dysfunction among first-episode schizophrenia (FES) patients remain less clear. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we compared the cognitive performance of FES patients to that of healthy controls (HC), with a specific focus on gender differences within the Chinese population aged under 35 years. Cognitive performance was assessed using the raw scores from the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB). Results: FES patients show lower overall cognitive impairment across all MCCB domains compared to HCs. Significant sex effects were observed: females outperformed males in aspects of speed of processing and verbal learning in FES, while males outperformed females in parts of working memory and reasoning and problem solving among HC patients. In both FES and HC groups, females exceeded males in visual learning. Moreover, employing a three-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) displayed interaction effects between gender and clinical diagnosis in areas of speed of processing and verbal learning. Conclusions: This suggests that schizophrenia and biological sex may jointly influence performance in these domains, emphasizing the need for early intervention and gender-sensitive approaches to address cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.

Indexed as

Cognitive performanceFirst-episode schizophreniaGender differenceMCCB

Identifiers

PMID40028175
PMCPMC11872115

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.